arising from|acute myeloid leukemia|myelodysplastic syndrome|21425147_0|outcomes after induction chemotherapy in patients with ###acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome###.|2011|1 arising from|adenocarcinoma|adenomyosis uteri|17367236_1|###adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis uteri### is rare.|2007|1 arising from|adenocarcinoma|congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium|15983818_0|###adenocarcinoma arising from congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium###.|2005|1 arising from|adenocarcinoma|parotid pleomorphic adenoma|1977376_0|expression of c-erbb-2 protein detected in ###adenocarcinoma arising from parotid pleomorphic adenoma###.|1990|1 arising from|bone metastases|prostate cancer|15342412_9|these results indicate that the igf signaling axis is a potential target for prevention and treatment of ###bone metastases arising from prostate cancer###.|2004|1 arising from|carcinoid tumors|meckel's diverticulum|2462784_0|###carcinoid tumors arising from meckel's diverticulum###. a clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical study.|1989|1 arising from|choriocarcinoma|gastric adenocarcinoma|19665071_0|allelic loss of the pten gene and mutation of the tp53 gene in ###choriocarcinoma arising from gastric adenocarcinoma###: analysis of loss of heterozygosity in two male patients with extragonadal choriocarcinoma.|2009|1 arising from|collecting duct carcinoma|multicystic dysplastic kidney|18947667_0|###collecting duct carcinoma arising from multicystic dysplastic kidney### disease.|2008|1 arising from|colon carcinoma|ulcerative colitis|7270671_0|some special features of ###colon carcinoma arising from ulcerative colitis###.|1981|1 arising from|congestive splenomegaly|portal hypertension|7419954_7|this must be the situation, presumably, in ###congestive splenomegaly arising from portal hypertension###.|1980|1 arising from|coronary embolism|bacterial endocarditis|2351783_1|two cases of myocardial infarction due to ###coronary embolism arising from bacterial endocarditis### are reported.|1990|1 arising from|diffuse melanosis|metastatic melanoma|11312419_0|###diffuse melanosis arising from metastatic melanoma###: pathogenetic function of elevated melanocyte peptide growth factors.|2001|1 arising from|dysgerminoma|gonadoblastoma|20637459_6|result(s) : the patient had ###dysgerminoma arising from gonadoblastoma### in the left gonad and gonadoblastoma in the right gonad.|2010|1 arising from|dyspnoea|invasive pulmonary aspergillosis|11109346_1|a 43-year-old man with no past history presented with symptoms of fever, cough and ###dyspnoea arising from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis### and was found to have myelodysplastic syndrome with monosomy 7.|2000|1 arising from|eccrine porocarcinoma|hidroacanthoma simplex|20976127_0|dermoscopic features of ###eccrine porocarcinoma arising from hidroacanthoma simplex###.|2010|1 arising from|endometrioid carcinoma|endometriosis|1630441_0|[a case of ###endometrioid carcinoma arising from endometriosis### of the rectum].|1992|1 arising from|extrinsic ureteral obstruction|mucocele of the appendix|11494721_1|objective : to report a case of ###extrinsic ureteral obstruction arising from mucocele of the appendix### and review the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this appendiceal pathology of interest in urology.|2001|1 arising from|histiocytic sarcoma|lymphomas|20388055_0|###histiocytic sarcoma arising from lymphomas### via transdifferentiation pathway during clonal evolution.|2010|1 arising from|leiomyosarcoma|scrofuloderma|18691246_0|###leiomyosarcoma arising from scrofuloderma### scar.|2008|1 arising from|leiomyosarcoma|soft tissue tumor of the mediastinum|12658352_0|###leiomyosarcoma arising from soft tissue tumor of the mediastinum###.|2003|1 arising from|liver metastases|gastric adenocarcinoma|20339981_5|surgery for ###liver metastases arising from gastric adenocarcinoma### is reasonable if a complete resection seems feasible after careful preoperative staging.|2010|1 arising from|lower urinary tract symptoms|benign prostatic hyperplasia|12610372_2|the establishment of the role of urology specialist nurse in one north oxfordshire hospital led to the development of a nurse-led prostate assessment clinic for male patients with ###lower urinary tract symptoms arising from benign prostatic hyperplasia###.|2003|1 arising from|lymphangiosarcoma|lymphangioma circumscriptum|464625_0|###lymphangiosarcoma arising from lymphangioma circumscriptum###.|1979|1 arising from|lymphomas|mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue|11722987_1|this review addresses the biology and the treatment of ###lymphomas arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue### (malt).|2001|1 arising from|lymphomas|mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue|16088689_5|lip may also be histologically indistinguishable from nodular lymphoid hyperplasia and ###lymphomas arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue### (malt) but can usually be differentiated via analysis of clinical and imaging data plus assessment of immunohistochemistry and gene rearrangement studies.|2005|1 arising from|lymphomas|mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue|9585040_0|radiological appearances of ###lymphomas arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue### (malt) in the lung.|1998|1 arising from|malignant fibrous histiocytoma|discoid lupus erythematosus|2827587_0|###malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from discoid lupus erythematosus###.|1988|1 arising from|malignant transformation|mature cystic teratoma|20973266_0|###malignant transformation arising from mature cystic teratoma### of the ovary: a retrospective study of 20 cases.|2010|0.5 arising from|myelopathy|thoracic disc herniation|9444928_1|anterior decompression and fusion via an extrapleural approach was performed for 33 patients with ###myelopathy arising from thoracic disc herniation### and the clinical usefulness and problems related to this procedure were assessed on the basis of surgical results and complications.|1998|1 arising from|pain|pancreatic diseases|16215298_1|###pain arising from pancreatic diseases### can become chronic and difficult to treat.|2005|1 arising from|pancreatic cancer|chronic pancreatitis|17625292_16|conclusions : the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound alone for differentiating between pseudotumoral masses and ###pancreatic cancer arising from chronic pancreatitis### is unsatisfactory.|2007|1 arising from|papillary carcinoma|thyroglossal duct cyst|21220982_0|f-18 fdg uptake in ###papillary carcinoma arising from thyroglossal duct cyst###.|2011|1 arising from|papillary serous carcinoma|adenomyosis|17367236_0|###papillary serous carcinoma arising from adenomyosis### presenting as intramural leiomyoma.|2007|1 arising from|peritoneal carcinomatosis|colorectal cancer|11443611_0|curative treatment of ###peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer### by complete resection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy.|2001|1 arising from|peritoneal carcinomatosis|colorectal cancer|17458551_1|background : the presence of ###peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer### is associated with a poor prognosis.|2007|1 arising from|peritoneal carcinomatosis|digestive tumor|7959539_1|intraoperative peritoneal chemo-hyperthermia (ipch) is a promising treatment of ###peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from digestive tumors###.|1994|1 arising from|sarcoma|fibrous dysplasia|15724118_1|###sarcoma arising from fibrous dysplasia### (fd) is rare and it is more common in polyostotic type.|2005|1 arising from|sebaceous carcinoma|bowen's disease|3767405_0|###sebaceous carcinoma arising from bowen's disease### of the vulva.|1986|0.5 arising from|splenic abscess|acute cholecystitis|22482385_0|###splenic abscess arising from acute cholecystitis###.|2012|1 arising from|squamous cell carcinomas|trophic ulcer|449288_1|this study presents two cases of ###squamous cell carcinomas arising from trophic ulcer###s of leprosy attending leprosy department, government general hospital, madras.|1979|0.5 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|chronic osteomyelitis|11918041_0|###squamous cell carcinoma arising from chronic osteomyelitis### of the patella.|2002|0.5 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|lichen planus of nail|16243160_0|###squamous cell carcinoma arising from lichen planus of nail### matrix and nail bed.|2005|1 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|mature cystic teratoma|11104629_3|###squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma### is a rare diagnosis itself, much less the description of associated hypercalcemia, despite the fact that the normal keratinocytes produce parathyroid hormone-related protein.|2000|1 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|mature cystic teratoma|11104629_4|case : we present a well-documented case of ###squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma### of the ovary, complicated by hypercalcemia in a patient with high levels of plasma parathyroid hormone-related protein and immunohistochemical evidence of parathyroid hormone-related protein expression by the tumor cells.|2000|0.5 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|mature cystic teratoma|8750515_0|###squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma###: a report of three cases.|1996|1 arising from|squamous cell carcinoma|mature cystic teratoma|8750515_1|cases of ###squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma###s of the left ovary are presented.|1996|1 arising from|thyroid carcinoma|struma ovarii|22068256_4|this is the first reported case of ###thyroid carcinoma arising from struma ovarii### in a patient with a history of bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.|2012|1 arising from|thyroid lymphoma|hashimoto's thyroiditis|16772344_0|###thyroid lymphoma arising from hashimoto's thyroiditis###.|2006|1 arising from|thyroid lymphoma|mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue|11695316_7|three patients had ###thyroid lymphoma arising from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue###.|2001|1 arising from|trichilemmoma|nevus sebaceus of jadassohn|9188887_0|syringocystadenoma papilliferum, basal cell carcinoma and ###trichilemmoma arising from nevus sebaceus of jadassohn###.|1997|1 as a complication of|acute myocardial infarction|fibromuscular dysplasia|3219210_3|we report three infant siblings with this disorder who presented with sudden unexpected death secondary to ###acute myocardial infarction as a complication of fibromuscular dysplasia### involving the aorta, its main arch branches, and the major coronary arteries.|1989|1 as a complication of|acute pulmonary oedema|hypertension|19900075_0|###acute pulmonary oedema as a complication of hypertension### during pregnancy.|2011|1 as a complication of|amyloid tumour|multiple myeloma|3694082_0|###amyloid tumour as a complication of multiple myeloma###.|1988|1 as a complication of|aortocaval fistula|ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm|7465093_0|###aortocaval fistula as a complication of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm###.|1981|1 as a complication of|causalgia|meningococcal meningitis|3089364_0|###causalgia as a complication of meningococcal meningitis###.|1986|1 as a complication of|central pontine myelinolysis|refeeding syndrome|18806246_0|###central pontine myelinolysis as a complication of refeeding syndrome### in a patient with anorexia nervosa.|2008|1 as a complication of|cerebral infarction|kawasaki disease|12691296_5|###cerebral infarction as a complication of kawasaki disease### is rare, and is a difficult clinical situation to manage.|2003|1 as a complication of|cerebral venous thrombosis|ulcerative colitis|6045990_0|###cerebral venous thrombosis as a complication of ulcerative colitis###.|1967|1 as a complication of|chorioretinitis|pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis|15977873_0|###chorioretinitis as a complication of pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis###.|2005|1 as a complication of|chronic cor pulmonale|fibrocystic disease|14933306_0|###chronic cor pulmonale as a complication of fibrocystic disease###s of the pancreas.|1952|0.5 as a complication of|chylothorax|pulmonary tuberculosis|17929008_0|###chylothorax as a complication of pulmonary tuberculosis### in children.|2008|1 as a complication of|endophthalmitis|meningococcal meningitis|10910599_0|###endophthalmitis as a complication of meningococcal meningitis###: report of one case.|1999|1 as a complication of|esophagitis|gastroesophageal reflux|2658576_8|the occurrence of ###esophagitis as a complication of gastroesophageal reflux### is determined by the ability of the esophageal body to rid itself of an acid load as well as by factors that delay gastric emptying.|1989|1 as a complication of|focal segmental glomerulosclerosis|hepatitis b|20959346_0|###focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as a complication of hepatitis b### virus infection.|2010|1 as a complication of|gallstone ileus|acute cholecystitis|12085138_0|###gallstone ileus as a complication of acute cholecystitis###. laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment.|2002|1 as a complication of|gastrocolic fistula|gastric lymphoma|4575939_0|###gastrocolic fistula as a complication of gastric lymphoma###.|1973|1 as a complication of|glaucoma|cataract|12516800_5|conclusion : the contact lens practitioner, during the course of management of aphakic infants and children, should always be suspicious of ###glaucoma as a complication of cataract### surgery, and the presenting sign may be corneal edema.|2003|0 as a complication of|hemorrhage|reflux esophagitis|13816293_0|###hemorrhage as a complication of reflux esophagitis###.|1960|1 as a complication of|hepatic cirrhosis|chronic ulcerative colitis|20292894_0|###hepatic cirrhosis as a complication of chronic ulcerative colitis###.|1947|1 as a complication of|hydronephrosis|lymphomatoid granulomatosis|1729498_0|ureteral obstruction and ###hydronephrosis as a complication of lymphomatoid granulomatosis###: a case report and literature review.|1992|1 as a complication of|hyposplenism|celiac sprue|7769189_1|###hyposplenism as a complication of celiac sprue### confers an increased risk of pneumococcal sepsis, but such patients do not routinely receive pneumococcal vaccine despite reports of overwhelming pneumococcal sepsis.|1995|1 as a complication of|intussusception|rectal prolapse|10958490_0|###intussusception as a complication of rectal prolapse### replacement in a ewe.|2000|1 as a complication of|ischemic enterocolitis|hirschsprung's disease|3950851_0|###ischemic enterocolitis as a complication of hirschsprung's disease###.|1986|1 as a complication of|jejunal obstruction|acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis|13372025_0|###jejunal obstruction as a complication of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis###; report of a case.|1957|1 as a complication of|lateral sinus thrombosis|acute mastoiditis|18533553_0|###lateral sinus thrombosis as a complication of acute mastoiditis###.|2008|1 as a complication of|lung abscess|legionella infection|3897388_5|recognition of ###lung abscess as a complication of legionella infection### will therefore prevent unnecessary operations.|1985|1 as a complication of|mucoid carcinoma|fistula|14363980_0|###mucoid carcinoma as a complication of fistula### in ano: report of a case.|1955|1 as a complication of|necrotizing glomerulonephritis|rheumatoid arthritis|8348288_0|###necrotizing glomerulonephritis as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis### vasculitis.|1993|0.5 as a complication of|neovascular glaucoma|retinal vasculitis|11024432_0|###neovascular glaucoma as a complication of retinal vasculitis### in crohn disease.|2000|1 as a complication of|nephrolithiasis|ulcerative colitis|13885565_0|###nephrolithiasis as a complication of ulcerative colitis### and regional enteritis.|1962|1 as a complication of|obstructive jaundice|duodenal ulcer|15442795_0|###obstructive jaundice as a complication of duodenal ulcer###; a case report.|1950|1 as a complication of|osteoporosis|hyperthyroidism|10884183_2|###osteoporosis as a complication of hyperthyroidism### is characterized by increased rates of both bone formation and bone resorption.|2000|1 as a complication of|osteoporosis|hyperthyroidism|10907990_2|###osteoporosis as a complication of hyperthyroidism### is characterized by increased rates of both bone formation and bone resorption.|2000|1 as a complication of|paralytic ileus|acute appendicitis|17865570_0|###paralytic ileus as a complication of acute appendicitis###.|2007|1 as a complication of|phlegmasia cerulea dolens|deep vein thrombosis|16269930_4|in the literature, there is a single case of ###phlegmasia cerulea dolens as a complication of deep vein thrombosis### in an obese woman with a history of thrombosis.|2005|1 as a complication of|polycythemia|human immunodeficiency virus infection|8506494_0|###polycythemia as a complication of human immunodeficiency virus infection###.|1993|1 as a complication of|psoas muscle abscess|pott's disease|284142_0|###psoas muscle abscess as a complication of pott's disease###: ultrasound diagnosis.|1979|1 as a complication of|pulmonary edema|diabetic ketoacidosis|15251497_1|objective : to alert physicians to the possibility of ###pulmonary edema as a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis###.|2004|1 as a complication of|scleromalacia perforans|rheumatoid arthritis|13974984_0|###scleromalacia perforans as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis###.|1963|1 as a complication of|secondary amyloidosis|juvenile rheumatoid arthritis|6493840_1|a girl with ###secondary amyloidosis as a complication of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis### was administered dimethyl sulfoxide by topical application to the skin.|1984|1 as a complication of|seizures|brain tumors|9775508_0|###seizures as a complication of brain tumors### in dogs.|1998|1 as a complication of|spinal epidural abscess|fournier's gangrene|1812250_3|a ase of ###spinal epidural abscess as a complication of fournier's gangrene### is presented.|1992|1 as a complication of|spontaneous pneumothorax|pulmonary metastases|13882968_0|###spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication of pulmonary metastases### in malignant tumors of childhood.|1962|1 as a complication of|stroke|congenital heart disease|15975318_0|###stroke as a complication of congenital heart disease###.|2005|1 as a complication of|syringomyelia|paget's disease|3559728_0|###syringomyelia as a complication of paget's disease###. case report.|1987|1 as a complication of|tetanus|small bowel obstruction|3456498_0|###tetanus as a complication of small bowel obstruction###.|1986|1 as a complication of|thrombosis|hematologic diseases|11726314_4|moreover, the prevalence of ###thrombosis as a complication of hematologic diseases### has been examined.|2001|1 as a complication of|thrombotic microangiopathy|recurrent pancreatitis|21886987_0|###thrombotic microangiopathy as a complication of recurrent pancreatitis###.|2011|1 as a complication of|tongue necrosis|temporal arteritis|9031536_0|###tongue necrosis as a complication of temporal arteritis###: ct and angiographic findings.|1997|1 as a complication of|wernicke's encephalopathy|hyperemesis gravidarum|15511887_0|###wernicke's encephalopathy as a complication of hyperemesis gravidarum###.|2004|1 as a result of|acrodermatitis|zinc deficiency|6880329_1|a patient with ###acrodermatitis as a result of zinc deficiency### is reported.|1983|1 as a result of|acute cough|upper respiratory tract infection|11861232_4|rcts comparing oral otc cough preparations with placebo in children suffering from ###acute cough as a result of upper respiratory tract infection### (urti) in ambulatory settings, using cough symptoms as an outcome, were included.|2002|1 as a result of|breathlessness|lung cancer|10362952_4|the data reported in this paper were collected as part of a study piloting new non-pharmacological intervention for patients with ###breathlessness as a result of lung cancer###.|2000|1 as a result of|bronchial compression|lung hernia|1519204_0|###bronchial compression as a result of lung herniation### after pneumonectomy.|1992|1 as a result of|cardiomegaly|ventricular dilatation|7195689_7|the 2 infants who were appropriately grown had ###cardiomegaly as a result of ventricular dilatation###.|1981|1 as a result of|cerebral vascular accident|carotid stenosis|4023360_0|[eeg recorded during the 1st 48 hours after a ###cerebral vascular accident as a result of carotid stenosis###].|1985|1 as a result of|chronic pain|osteoarthritis of the hip|10617255_1|objective : to determine whether elderly individuals with ###chronic pain as a result of osteoarthritis of the hip### and/or knee would report adaptations to their activities, or occupational adaptations, as a coping response to pain and, if so, to describe these adaptations and their relation to chronic pain, functional difficulty, depression, social support, and life satisfaction.|2000|1 as a result of|chylothorax|chronic lymphocytic leukemia|15043339_0|###chylothorax as a result of chronic lymphocytic leukemia###: case report and review of the literature.|2004|1 as a result of|coronary insufficiency|coronary atherosclerosis|11210345_2|the hormones level was found to be significantly related to ###coronary insufficiency as a result of coronary atherosclerosis### both at rest and during muscular stress-test.|2001|1 as a result of|dehydration|diarrhea|2343404_4|about 7000 children die each day from ###dehydration as a result of diarrhea### and about 6000 children die each day from lung inflammation.|1990|1 as a result of|diabetic fetopathy|gestational diabetes|10596417_3|we describe a male neonate with ###diabetic fetopathy as a result of gestational diabetes### of the mother.|2000|0.5 as a result of|diffuse melanosis|malignant melanoma|2033142_1|the skin of a patient with ###diffuse melanosis as a result of malignant melanoma### was examined by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.|1991|1 as a result of|embolism|cardiac disease|8466729_3|stroke in hypertensive patients may be due to charcot-bouchard aneurysm, to atherosclerosis of the extracranial and major cerebral arteries, or to ###embolism as a result of cardiac disease###.|1993|1 as a result of|endometrial cancer|lynch syndrome|19375789_11|given the opportunity for colon cancer screening and prevention strategies to be initiated, the identification of probands with ###endometrial cancer as a result of lynch syndrome### will lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality for these patients and their families.|2009|1 as a result of|exercise intolerance|pneumocystis carinii pneumonia|10690774_1|seven miniature dachshunds, all under the age of 1 year, were presented with polypnea, tachypnea, and ###exercise intolerance as a result of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia###, which was diagnosed on transtracheal aspirate cytology.|2000|1 as a result of|fetal growth retardation|maternal hypertension|7128382_0|risk of ###fetal growth retardation as a result of maternal hypertension###. preparation to a trial on antihypertensive drugs.|1982|1 as a result of|fluid overload|congestive heart failure|17229659_6|continuous intravenous administration of dextrose-containing solutions was contraindicated because of ###fluid overload as a result of congestive heart failure### or renal failure.|2007|1 as a result of|focal glomerulosclerosis|nephrotic syndrome|2774618_1|a boy with ###focal glomerulosclerosis as a result of nephrotic syndrome### became unresponsive to corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide.|1989|1 as a result of|granulomatous prostatitis|cryptococcus neoformans|16771744_3|we report a case of ###granulomatous prostatitis as a result of cryptococcus neoformans### yeast in an immunocompromised patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, which was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and treated with antifungal medication.|2006|1 as a result of|haemorrhagic diathesis|disseminated intravascular coagulation|7233405_1|the case of a three-year-old mare is reported, in which clinical examination revealed the presence of ###haemorrhagic diathesis as a result of disseminated intravascular coagulation###.|1981|1 as a result of|hemiplegia|hypoglycaemia|15154950_1|background : the development of ###hemiplegia as a result of hypoglycaemia### was first described in 1928.|2004|1 as a result of|hyperprolactinaemia|immaturity|1518920_0|###hyperprolactinaemia as a result of immaturity### or regression: the concept of maternal subroutine. a new model of psychoendocrine interactions.|1992|1 as a result of|icterus neonatorum|abo incompatibility|8137642_5|the blood group of both the husband and wife was o, while that of the baby was b. the baby suffered from ###icterus neonatorum as a result of abo incompatibility### but recovered quickly after treatment.|1994|1 as a result of|infections|functional asplenia|21803935_1|background : the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease (scd) vary, but may be attributed to vaso-occlusion, chronic hemolytic anemia, and ###infections as a result of functional asplenia###.|2011|1 as a result of|infertile|anovulation|21873215_6|female mice were ###infertile as a result of anovulation### from hemorrhagic cystic ovaries and elevated serum lh and e2 levels, although the mutant erϱ protein is expressed in the af2erki model.|2011|1 as a result of|infertility|intrauterine synechiae|15749510_8|conclusion(s) : uterine devascularization may be responsible for ###infertility as a result of intrauterine synechiae### and ovarian function failure.|2005|1 as a result of|intracranial hypertension|cerebral vein thrombosis|7028008_6|papilledema and ###intracranial hypertension as a result of cerebral vein thrombosis### can be initial manifestations of behçet's syndrome.|1981|1 as a result of|lactic acidosis|iron deficiency|447849_0|###lactic acidosis as a result of iron deficiency###.|1979|1 as a result of|liver infection|tuberculosis|1790282_1|###liver infection as a result of tuberculosis### is well known; there are several histological lesions, the most important being epithelioid cell granuloma.|1992|1 as a result of|myocardial infarction|coronary artery aneurysms|8335415_4|we describe a 24-year-old man who presented with ###myocardial infarction as a result of coronary artery aneurysms### caused by kawasaki disease, he gave no recent or childhood history of prodromal illness compatible with kawasaki disease.|1993|1 as a result of|myocardial infarction|coronary vasospasm|3264468_1|a case of ###myocardial infarction as a result of coronary vasospasm### during percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy is presented.|1989|1 as a result of|myocardial stunning|transient ischemia|10522415_1|regional left ventricular contractility caused by ###myocardial stunning as a result of transient ischemia### and postreperfusion injury is a reversible state it can however persist even for several month.|1999|1 as a result of|osteoarthritis|developmental dysplasia of the hip|19571094_9|a lower expected value implies a greater risk for the development of ###osteoarthritis as a result of developmental dysplasia of the hip### or avascular necrosis; thus, the optimum strategy was selective screening.|2009|1 as a result of|osteomalacia|vitamin d deficiency|20511054_0|###osteomalacia as a result of vitamin d deficiency###.|2010|1 as a result of|pain|bone destruction|21139931_2|patients with gct of bone typically present with mechanical difficulty and ###pain as a result of bone destruction### and are at an increased risk for fracture.|2010|1 as a result of|paraplegia|spinal cord infarction|11114779_7|although 3% to 5% of patients with acute aortic dissection present with ###paraplegia as a result of spinal cord infarction###, most of these patients experience severe pain prior to presentation.|2000|1 as a result of|pericardial effusion|cardiac rhabdomyoma|1512064_0|###pericardial effusion as a result of cardiac rhabdomyoma###.|1992|1 as a result of|pericarditis|poems syndrome|11489068_5|we suggest that il-6 is associated with the progression or maintenance of ###pericarditis as a result of poems syndrome###.|2001|1 as a result of|pituitary enlargement|hypothyroidism|2088585_1|###pituitary enlargement as a result of hypothyroidism### is a well recognized entity with several reports over the last decade.|1991|1 as a result of|portal hypertension|liver cirrhosis|1839617_3|one (5%) of 20 patients with cah was found to have blood flow signals on abdominal wall and the direction of the flow was normal, suggesting that collateral circulation has been established due to ###portal hypertension as a result of liver cirrhosis###.|1992|1 as a result of|pulmonary oedema|fluid overload|15321631_2|initially, it was thought her symptoms were due to ###pulmonary oedema as a result of fluid overload###, but there was little improvement with diuretic therapy.|2004|1 as a result of|quadriceps weakness|spinal stenosis|15055323_4|these findings suggest that instability of the knee due to meniscal damage, and ###quadriceps weakness as a result of spinal stenosis###, may have played a significant role in the pathogenesis of this injury.|2004|1 as a result of|renal insufficiency|oxalate nephropathy|18701613_2|we report a novel association of rygb with ###renal insufficiency as a result of oxalate nephropathy###.|2008|1 as a result of|sleep disturbance|nasal congestion|17181374_5|this condition can lead to ###sleep disturbance as a result of nasal congestion###, which leads to significant impairment in daily activities such as work and school.|2006|1 as a result of|superior mesenteric artery syndrome|anorexia nervosa|19946542_0|unique challenges for appropriate management of a 16-year-old girl with ###superior mesenteric artery syndrome as a result of anorexia nervosa###: a case report.|2009|1 as a result of|thrombosis|endothelial dysfunction|16120137_1|background : one of the prominent features of behçet's disease (bd) is vasculitis and ###thrombosis as a result of endothelial dysfunction###.|2005|1 as a result of|thrombotic microangiopathy|antiphospholipid syndrome|17699810_1|renal biopsies occasionally show a combination of ###thrombotic microangiopathy as a result of antiphospholipid syndrome### and lupus nephritis.|2007|1 as a result of|urge incontinence|bladder hyperactivity|3687033_10|80% of these elderly people suffer from ###urge incontinence as a result of bladder hyperactivity###, in about 30% bladder hyperactivity is combined with residual urine and consequent urinary tract infection which makes bladder instability worse.|1987|1 as a result of|vasculitis|endothelial dysfunction|17199563_4|one of the prominent features of behçet disease is ###vasculitis as a result of endothelial dysfunction###.|2007|1 as a result of|xerostomia|lymphocytic infiltration|18184026_1|sjögren's syndrome (ss) is a chronic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and ###xerostomia as a result of lymphocytic infiltration### of the lacrimal and salivary glands.|2008|1 attributable to|abdominal cramps|gaseousness|3521259_5|symptoms of bloating and ###abdominal cramps attributable to gaseousness### were also significantly reduced in both groups by activated charcoal.|1986|1 attributable to|acute respiratory distress syndrome|pulmonary diseases|20639752_5|methods : we prospectively assessed 11 consecutive patients with ###acute respiratory distress syndrome attributable to pulmonary diseases###.|2010|1 attributable to|anaphylaxis|drug allergy|12669899_12|there was no case of ###anaphylaxis attributable to drug allergy###.|2003|1 attributable to|aspiration pneumonia|diabetic gastroparesis|2505001_7|other reported complications are respiratory alkalosis, cardiorespiratory arrest, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, plugging of the airways with mucus, and ###aspiration pneumonia attributable to diabetic gastroparesis###.|1989|1 attributable to|blindness|onchocerciasis|1216334_7|the attempt to estimate the risk of ###blindness attributable to onchocerciasis### from this data reveals a 3-fold risk in people exposed to the infection in their habitat, whereas a 2,5-fold risk is found from the evaluation of findings in people classified by mf-prevalence in their skins only.|1976|1 attributable to|bronchiolitis|rsv infection|15466069_3|results : in 2000-2001, rsv disease was listed as a diagnosis for 14.4% of all ai/an infant hospitalizations, with ###bronchiolitis attributable to rsv infection### (12.2%) being among the top 5 listed diagnoses.|2004|1 attributable to|cavities|rheumatoid disease|304735_0|an account of pleural effusions, pulmonary nodules and ###cavities attributable to rheumatoid disease###.|1978|1 attributable to|central precocious puberty|hypothalamic hamartoma|19789152_1|objective : to report a rare case of ###central precocious puberty attributable to hypothalamic hamartoma### that was diagnosed in utero.|2010|1 attributable to|cerebral infarction|moyamoya disease|10546742_3|computed tomography and cerebrovascular angiography found ###cerebral infarction attributable to moyamoya disease###.|1999|1 attributable to|colic|ileus|22134602_10|for example, with ###colic attributable to ileus### of the small intestines, cholestasis or urinary tract disease, ultrasonography is a very useful diagnostic tool.|2011|0.5 attributable to|congenital hemolytic anemia|glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency|388765_1|end stage failure in a patient with ###congenital hemolytic anemia attributable to glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency### was treated successfully with maintenance hemodialysis and renal transplantation.|1980|1 attributable to|constipation|congenital malformation|16818061_3|patients and methods : twenty-three patients (3-21 years old) with urinary and/or fecal incontinence or ###constipation attributable to congenital malformation###s of the pelvic region presented at our institution.|2006|0.5 attributable to|cough|gastroesophageal reflux disease|9625401_17|the following clinical profile consistently predicts patients with ###cough attributable to gastroesophageal reflux disease###: the patient has cough that has been persistently troublesome for at least 3 weeks; does not smoke cigarettes; does not take an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; does not have or has not responded to therapy for postnasal drip syndrome and asthma; and has normal or nearly normal findings and stable chest radiograph.|1998|1 attributable to|diabetes insipidus|internal hydrocephalus|18777727_1|this case report describes the findings in a seven-month-old heifer with ###diabetes insipidus attributable to internal hydrocephalus###.|2008|1 attributable to|dyspnea|congestive heart failure|18922052_3|animals : client-owned cats with ###dyspnea attributable to congestive heart failure### (d-chf; n=31) or to noncardiac causes (d-ncc; n=12).|2009|1 attributable to|enterotoxemia|clostridium perfringens|1559880_1|###enterotoxemia attributable to clostridium perfringens### type d in goats is difficult to diagnose because of a lack of specific clinical signs or postmortem lesions, on which to base the diagnosis.|1992|1 attributable to|eosinophilic meningitis|angiostrongylus cantonensis infection|18760253_0|cluster of ###eosinophilic meningitis attributable to angiostrongylus cantonensis infection### in french policemen troop returning from the pacific islands.|2008|1 attributable to|extrahepatic cholestasis|tuberculous adenitis|9149224_0|###extrahepatic cholestasis attributable to tuberculous adenitis###.|1997|1 attributable to|facial nerve palsy|lyme disease|12897313_8|in addition, the patients with ###facial nerve palsy attributable to lyme disease### were evaluated with a battery of neuropsychologic tests.|2003|1 attributable to|fever|falciparum malaria|9557953_5|the antibody responses to these peptides increased with age and were higher in individuals with asymptomatic p. falciparum infection compared to individuals presenting with ###fever attributable to falciparum malaria###.|1998|1 attributable to|gait disturbance|dystonia|7991129_1|we report neuropathologic findings for a 66-year-old japanese man with adult/chronic gm1 gangliosidosis whose main clinical symptoms were speech and ###gait disturbance attributable to dystonia### with rigidity.|1995|1 attributable to|gastrointestinal symptoms|toxoplasma gondii infection|8536865_1|###gastrointestinal symptoms attributable to toxoplasma gondii infection### are distinctly unusual, and antemortem diagnosis of gastrointestinal involvement is rarely documented, particularly in the absence of cerebral manifestations or disseminated disease.|1996|1 attributable to|heart failure|dilated cardiomyopathy|10650325_11|l-carnitine appears to possess considerable potential for the long-term treatment of patients with ###heart failure attributable to dilated cardiomyopathy###.|2000|1 attributable to|hemolytic uremic syndrome|streptococcus pneumoniae infection|11978611_0|###hemolytic uremic syndrome attributable to streptococcus pneumoniae infection###: a novel cause for secondary protein n-glycan abnormalities.|2002|1 attributable to|hemorrhage|coagulopathies|1577634_2|the most important changes observed were increased use of packed rbc instead of fresh whole blood for initial treatment of anemia and ###hemorrhage attributable to coagulopathies### and surgery.|1992|1 attributable to|hiv infections|sexually transmitted diseases|17195759_0|empirical observations underestimate the proportion of ###hiv infections attributable to sexually transmitted diseases### in mwanza and rakai std treatment trials: simulation results.|2007|1 attributable to|hypothyroidism|autoimmune thyroiditis|11389291_14|a diagnosis of cd, ma, and ###hypothyroidism attributable to autoimmune thyroiditis### was made.|2001|1 attributable to|immunosuppression|distemper|3257752_0|cryptosporidiosis associated with ###immunosuppression attributable to distemper### in a pup.|1988|1 attributable to|ischemic stroke|atherosclerosis|17903880_1|###ischemic stroke attributable to atherosclerosis### remains a major public health problem.|2007|1 attributable to|leg symptoms|venous insufficiency|5581491_2|treatment with hydroxyethylrutosides significantly increased the oxygen levels in blood from varicose veins, and this was associated with an improvement in ###leg symptoms attributable to venous insufficiency###.|1971|1 attributable to|lower urinary tract symptoms|benign prostatic hyperplasia|12050506_2|in prospective fashion we evaluated detrusor instability in patients with ###lower urinary tract symptoms attributable to benign prostatic hyperplasia### and determined its possible association with the degree of obstruction.|2002|1 attributable to|mastitis|infection|14596456_2|animals : 12 lactating holstein cows with ###mastitis attributable to infection### with cns and 2 healthy cows without mastitis.|2003|1 attributable to|neurologic disorders|cmv infection|6320783_6|in total, at least 7,000 persons in the united states each year have ###neurologic disorders attributable to cmv infection###.|1984|1 attributable to|normocytic normochromic anaemia|renal failure|1314975_2|we report the results of a pilot study of epo in seven patients with failing grafts and ###normocytic normochromic anaemia attributable to renal failure###.|1992|1 attributable to|ocular disease|herpesvirus infection|7649774_0|treatment of cats with ###ocular disease attributable to herpesvirus infection###: 17 cases (1983-1993).|1995|1 attributable to|pneumonia|pneumococcal infection|14500302_4|methods : proportions of hes "unspecified" septicaemia, meningitis, and ###pneumonia attributable to pneumococcal infection### were estimated by applying theoretical rates obtained from studies using highly sensitive diagnostic tests.|2003|1 attributable to|prostatism|benign prostatic hyperplasia|1714675_3|ninety-one subjects with symptoms and signs of ###prostatism attributable to benign prostatic hyperplasia### were studied.|1991|1 attributable to|psychiatric symptoms|vitamin b12 deficiency|3057051_1|###psychiatric symptoms attributable to vitamin b12 deficiency### have been described for decades.|1989|1 attributable to|recurrent meningitis|herpes simplex|20399396_0|###recurrent meningitis attributable to herpes simplex### virus-2 in a child.|2010|1 attributable to|renal failure|proteinuria|21372294_6|###renal failure attributable to proteinuria### and uremia also induces er stress within the kidney, which contributes to the transformation of tubular epithelial cells to a fibroblast-like phenotype, fibrosis, and tubular cell apoptosis, further diminishing renal function.|2011|1 attributable to|respiratory distress|congestive heart failure|18518809_0|evaluation of circulating amino terminal-pro-b-type natriuretic peptide concentration in dogs with ###respiratory distress attributable to congestive heart failure### or primary pulmonary disease.|2008|1 attributable to|secondary hyperlipidemia|diabetes mellitus|2044651_4|the effectiveness of the drug has been investigated in a variety of studies including patients with hyperlipidemia types iia, iib and iv and patients suffering from ###secondary hyperlipidemia attributable to diabetes mellitus###, liver disease, end-stage renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation.|1991|1 attributable to|seizures|infections|18279202_9|patients with ###seizures attributable to infections### were observed to have responded favorably to lidocaine when compared to those with seizures due to epilepsy (37.9% vs 6.8%; p < 0.05).|2008|1 attributable to|stroke|hypertension|17299955_1|objective : 1) to estimate annual direct medical costs of coronary heart disease (chd) and ###stroke attributable to hypertension### among chinese adults aged 35-74 years in china, 2) to analyze the correlation between the hypertension awareness and hypertension treatment rate.|2007|1 attributable to|stroke|hypertension|17299955_9|conclusion : the economic burden of chd and ###stroke attributable to hypertension### is very high, reaching about 50% of the total medical costs of the two diseases.|2007|1 attributable to|tuberculosis|diabetes|21556303_3|the risk of ###tuberculosis attributable to diabetes### was estimated from statistics for the corresponding adult population.|2011|1 attributable to|tuberculosis|hiv infection|9390571_0|a population-based study determining the incidence of ###tuberculosis attributable to hiv infection###.|1997|1 attributable to|ureteral obstruction|lung cancer|12926134_3|to date, few reports of ###ureteral obstruction attributable to lung cancer### have been published.|2003|1 attributable to|urinary symptoms|overactive bladder|11454106_16|conclusion : tolterodine (taken for 4 weeks) is safe and shows efficacy, particularly at a dosage of 2 mg bid, in the treatment of older patients with ###urinary symptoms attributable to overactive bladder###.|2001|1 attributable to|vision loss|compressive optic neuropathy|15179200_7|eight eyes had ###vision loss attributable to compressive optic neuropathy### (27%) and optic neuritis (27%); seven eyes with diplopia had abducens palsy (40%) and oculomotor nerve palsy (7%).|2004|1 attributed to|abdominal carcinomatosis|metastatic breast carcinoma|18807183_0|###abdominal carcinomatosis attributed to metastatic breast carcinoma###.|2008|1 attributed to|abdominal pain|chronic pancreatitis|15043313_2|the patients, two women and a man, whose ages ranged from 63 to 70 years, complained of ###abdominal pain attributed to chronic pancreatitis### in two patients.|2004|1 attributed to|abdominal pain|chronic pancreatitis|17368228_0|a 54-year-old man with ###abdominal pain attributed to chronic pancreatitis###.|2007|1 attributed to|angina at rest|coronary vasospasm|371644_1|a therapeutic trial with verapamil, a calcium-antagonist drug, was performed in 12 patients admitted to our coronary care unit because of frequent daily attacks of ###angina at rest attributed to coronary vasospasm###.|1979|1 attributed to|cerebral palsy|intrapartum asphyxia|16777819_2|despite improvements in perinatal practice during the past several decades, the incidence of ###cerebral palsy attributed to intrapartum asphyxia### has remained essentially unchanged, primarily because management strategies were supportive and not targeted toward the processes of ongoing injury.|2006|1 attributed to|cerebral palsy|neonatal asphyxia|18612085_2|despite improvements in perinatal practice during the past several decades, the incidence of ###cerebral palsy attributed to neonatal asphyxia### remained essentially unchanged, primarily because management strategies were supportive and not targeted toward the processes of ongoing injury.|2008|1 attributed to|cirrhosis|hepatitis c|7814806_5|positive controls were native livers from two patients with unequivocal fulminant hepatitis b and from four patients with ###cirrhosis attributed to hepatitis c### virus.|1995|1 attributed to|diabetes|autonomic neuropathy|12648756_1|gastroparesis is a common complication of ###diabetes attributed to autonomic neuropathy###.|2003|1 attributed to|diarrhoeal disease|shigella sonnei|8149998_0|an outbreak of ###diarrhoeal disease attributed to shigella sonnei###.|1994|1 attributed to|encephalitis|dactylariosis|4074247_0|###encephalitis attributed to dactylariosis### in japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica).|1985|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|diabetes mellitus|1435669_0|incidence of treatment for ###end-stage renal disease attributed to diabetes mellitus###--united states, 1980-1989.|1992|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|diabetes mellitus|2976768_1|a survey of capd/ccpd patients with ###end-stage renal disease attributed to diabetes mellitus### done by the usa nih capd registry obtained information from 499 patients.|1989|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|diabetes|21030940_0|incidence of ###end-stage renal disease attributed to diabetes### among persons with diagnosed diabetes --- united states and puerto rico, 1996-2007.|2010|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|diabetic nephropathy|3240833_5|the incidence of ###end-stage renal disease attributed to diabetic nephropathy### increased from 0 cases/1000 person-years at 0-5 years to 40.8 cases/1000 person-years at greater than or equal to 20 years duration of diabetes.|1989|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|hypertension|7922253_1|over the past two decades the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in hypertensive populations has decreased, yet the incidence of ###end-stage renal disease attributed to hypertension### has increased.|1994|1 attributed to|end-stage renal disease|type 1 diabetes|17881614_0|variants in the plasmacytoma variant translocation gene (pvt1) are associated with ###end-stage renal disease attributed to type 1 diabetes###.|2007|1 attributed to|end-stage renal failure|hypertension|15167435_0|hypothesis: obesity and the insulin resistance syndrome play a major role in ###end-stage renal failure attributed to hypertension### and labelled 'hypertensive nephrosclerosis'.|2004|1 attributed to|eosinophilic esophagitis|gastroesophageal reflux|7557132_0|###eosinophilic esophagitis attributed to gastroesophageal reflux###: improvement with an amino acid-based formula.|1995|1 attributed to|eye disease|tuberculosis|8583748_1|background : a marked reduction in ###eye disease attributed to tuberculosis### has occurred over the past several decades.|1996|1 attributed to|fever|malaria|19383126_17|in general, among children less than 12 months of life, the proportion of ###fever attributed to malaria### infection was 43.5% (95% ci 25.8% - 61.2%), in children aged between 12 and 59 months of age was 39.6% (95% ci 30.3% - 48.9%), and among children aged between 5 and 10 years old was 21.5% (95% ci 11.6% - 31.4%).|2009|1 attributed to|galactorrhea|hyperprolactinemia|9207962_3|headache, visual impairment, signs of antepituitary insufficiency or possible dysmenorrhea with ###galactorrhea attributed to hyperprolactinemia### due to compression of the dopaminergic axis are not specific and may be misleading.|1997|1 attributed to|headaches|hypothyroidism|17686395_4|this article reviews the classification of the ###headaches attributed to hypothyroidism### according to the second edition of the international classification of headache disorders.|2007|1 attributed to|headache|autonomic dysreflexia|21860009_0|###headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia###: an underrecognized clinical entity.|2011|1 attributed to|headache|autonomic dysreflexia|21860009_1|objective : the recognition and the management of ###headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia### after spinal cord injury (sci) are challenging issues.|2011|1 attributed to|headache|autonomic dysreflexia|21860009_2|given this, i systematically reviewed the literature to establish the features of the ###headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia### after sci.|2011|1 attributed to|headache|intracranial tumour|19673912_0|###headache attributed to intracranial tumour###s: a prospective cohort study.|2010|1 attributed to|headache|otitis media chronic|19155571_0|a case of ###headache attributed to otitis media chronic###a cholesteatomatica with cerebral sigmoid sinus thrombosis.|2009|1 attributed to|headache|spontaneous intracranial hypotension|19291244_0|application of ihs criteria to ###headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension### in a large population.|2009|1 attributed to|heart failure|ischaemic heart disease|11492990_5|two-thirds (64.3%) of patients had ###heart failure attributed to ischaemic heart disease###.|2001|1 attributed to|hemoptysis|bronchitis|6505916_4|the florida patient had recurrent episodes of ###hemoptysis attributed to bronchitis### and bronchiectasis.|1985|1 attributed to|hypothyroidism|autoimmune thyroiditis|17312679_5|###hypothyroidism attributed to autoimmune thyroiditis### was diagnosed, and other autoantibodies were detected as well.|2007|1 attributed to|immune thrombocytopenia|brucellosis|14978693_0|###immune thrombocytopenia attributed to brucellosis### and other mechanisms of brucella-induced thrombocytopenia.|2004|1 attributed to|infertility|endometriosis|17390595_13|###infertility attributed to endometriosis### may be amenable to surgery, induction of ovulation with intrauterine insemination, or in vitro fertilization.|2007|1 attributed to|kidney disease|type 2 diabetes|20826100_1|variants in the engulfment and cell motility 1 gene, elmo1, have previously been associated with ###kidney disease attributed to type 2 diabetes###.|2010|1 attributed to|lameness|osteoarthritis|22533398_7|signs of musculoskeletal pain or ###lameness attributed to osteoarthritis### were diagnosed in a single joint in 197 (197/390 [50.5%]) horses and in multiple joints in 193 (193/390 [49.5%]) horses.|2012|1 attributed to|myocardial infarction|sympathomimetic|19413828_3|we review the recent literature and case reports on ###myocardial infarction attributed to sympathomimetic### drugs, and recommend the use of sublingual or intravenous nitrates when signs or symptoms of coronary arterial vasospasm become evident during their use.|2009|1 attributed to|nasal symptoms|rhinitis|19173786_9|the prevalence of ###nasal symptoms attributed to rhinitis### related to seasonal and perennial allergies in the united states ranged between 11.9 and 30.2% depending on duration of symptoms and physician diagnosis.|2009|1 attributed to|neurological symptoms|hyponatremia|112337_7|furthermore, the ###neurological symptoms attributed to hyponatremia### improved markedly.|1979|1 attributed to|pain symptoms|endometriosis|21106492_2|yet causality remains an enigma, because ###pain symptoms attributed to endometriosis### occur in women without endometriosis and because pain symptoms and severity correlate poorly with lesion characteristics.|2011|1 attributed to|pain|anxiety|1028022_4|female patients with ###pain attributed to anxiety### used sensor-temporal words (e.g., throbbing) more frequently than those with other psychiatric diagnoses.|1977|1 attributed to|pain|diabetic neuropathy|17237664_3|methods : one hundred nineteen patients with a 1 to 5-year history of ###pain attributed to diabetic neuropathy### and a score of > or =4 on the likert pain scale entered the multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.|2007|1 attributed to|pain|lumbar disc degeneration|20954128_1|chronic low back ###pain attributed to lumbar disc degeneration### poses a serious challenge to physicians.|2010|0.5 attributed to|pain|plantar fasciitis|16141740_0|treatment of ###pain attributed to plantar fasciitis### with botulinum toxin a: a short-term, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.|2005|1 attributed to|pneumoperitoneum|bowel perforation|3261955_4|three patients had ###pneumoperitoneum attributed to bowel perforation###, and two had confirmed bowel obstruction.|1988|1 attributed to|primary liver cancer|chronic hepatitis c|18519928_1|background : japan has the highest incidence rate of ###primary liver cancer attributed to chronic hepatitis c### virus (hcv) infection among developed countries.|2008|1 attributed to|rabies|infection|21036195_6|molecular analysis of virus isolates did not identify any additional cases of ###rabies attributed to infection### with the duvenhage, lagos bat or mokola or any other rabies-related viruses.|2010|1 attributed to|renal disorders|diabetes mellitus|8799702_1|###renal disorders attributed to diabetes mellitus### are increasingly recognized as the dominant feature of long-term management.|1996|1 attributed to|renal failure|primary hypertension|10922308_9|type 2 diabetes is the most common single cause of esrf in black patients in london, and although hypertension is more common and more severe in blacks, the proportion of ###renal failure attributed to primary hypertension### is overestimated, and the diagnosis is often made using inadequate criteria.|2000|1 attributed to|retinal vasculitis|bartonella infection|21750616_1|purpose : to present various forms of uveitis and/or ###retinal vasculitis attributed to bartonella infection### and review the impact of this microorganism in patients with uveitis.|2011|1 attributed to|shortness of breath|obesity|21286895_6|the postoperative period was uneventful and the ###shortness of breath attributed to obesity### disappeared.|2011|1 because of|abscess|duodenal perforation|20509898_3|we present a case of massive retroperitoneal emphysema and ###abscess because of duodenal perforation### caused by a kink in a nasojejunal feeding tube.|2010|1 because of|amblyopia|congenital glaucoma|7315931_1|we reviewed 37 consecutive patients who had undergone at least one goniotomy, filtering surgery, and patching for ###amblyopia because of congenital glaucoma### between 1969 and 1979.|1982|1 because of|anaphylaxis|stinging|11476478_4|results : clinical trials have proven the benefit of allergen it, for allergic rhinitis, asthma, and ###anaphylaxis because of stinging### insects, such as hymenoptera and fire ants.|2001|0 because of|bladder distension|urinary symptoms|4059873_1|in a 10-year period, 15 patients were treated with ###bladder distension because of urinary symptoms### associated with detrusor instability.|1985|1 because of|bone marrow aplasia|invasive pulmonary aspergillosis|1993213_12|two pts died during ###bone marrow aplasia because of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis###.|1991|1 because of|brachial artery occlusion|thrombus|18365192_6|three patients had ###brachial artery occlusion because of thrombus### formation.|2009|1 because of|budd-chiari syndrome|polycythemia vera|19060635_1|we report a case of a 33-year-old female patient with ###budd-chiari syndrome because of polycythemia vera###.|2008|1 because of|chronic liver disease|hepatitis b|18433395_0|hepatic venous pressure gradient as a predictor of fibrosis in ###chronic liver disease because of hepatitis b### virus.|2008|1 because of|cirrhosis|hepatic vein occlusion|17033433_3|the technique of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be more challenging than in ###cirrhosis because of hepatic vein occlusion###.|2006|0 because of|coagulopathy|disseminated intravascular coagulation|19255041_9|the largest group of patients (n = 28) received recombinant factor viia for bleeding and/or ###coagulopathy because of disseminated intravascular coagulation###; the mortality in this group was 26 (93%) of 28.|2009|1 because of|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|19228439_0|###congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency###. a genetic disorder of interest to obstetricians and gynecologists.|2009|1 because of|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|21050254_0|quality of life is less impaired in adults with ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency### than in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency.|2011|1 because of|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|22145701_0|adolescents with ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency### have vascular dysfunction.|2012|1 because of|congestive heart failure|restrictive cardiomyopathy|20010333_4|the most common presentations are ###congestive heart failure because of restrictive cardiomyopathy### and conduction abnormalities.|2009|1 because of|coronary artery disease|diabetes mellitus|8758583_6|the problem remains in patients with goldman risk factors and/or at risk of ###coronary artery disease because of diabetes mellitus###, heavy smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, arterial hypertension, undergoing major abdominal, thoracic or vascular surgery.|1996|1 because of|eosinophilic pneumonia|eosinophilia|11264764_6|he was diagnosed to have ###eosinophilic pneumonia because of eosinophilia### in his peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf).|2001|1 because of|fever|catheter infection|17007066_10|on the fifth day, she got a ###fever because of catheter infection###.|2006|1 because of|gastric outlet obstruction|brunner's gland hyperplasia|19361619_3|we report the third and youngest case of ###gastric outlet obstruction because of brunner's gland hyperplasia### focusing on histopathologic condition and treatment based on a review of the literature.|2009|1 because of|hemangiomas|abdominal pain|15154574_9|conclusion : elective surgery is indicated in a small subset of patients with ###hemangiomas because of abdominal pain###, enlargement, diagnostic uncertainty and bleeding after needle biopsy.|2004|0 because of|hemorrhage|duodenal ulcer|11246348_0|the effect of the eradication of helicobacter pylori infection on ###hemorrhage because of duodenal ulcer###.|2001|1 because of|hereditary angioedema|c1 inhibitor deficiency|20804470_0|mutational spectrum and phenotypes in danish families with ###hereditary angioedema because of c1 inhibitor deficiency###.|2010|1 because of|hyperthyroid|graves' disease|2485214_5|follow-up data were available on 119 of these patients; 105 of them were ###hyperthyroid because of graves' disease### and multinodular goiter.|1992|1 because of|hyposplenism|bowel disease|6840610_3|in patients with ###hyposplenism because of bowel disease### there was no additional impairment of micro-aggregated albumin clearance, indicating that their hyposplenism is an isolated phenomenon and not part of a generalised reticuloendothelial atrophy.|1983|1 because of|hypothyroidism|hashimoto thyroiditis|19880034_3|presented is a case of a 57-year-old woman who was evaluated in our outpatient clinic for ###hypothyroidism because of hashimoto thyroiditis###.|2009|1 because of|infection|neutropenia|17472972_5|results : grade iii and iv toxicities were mainly haematological, with few cases of ###infection because of neutropenia### seen.|2007|1 because of|infertile|chlamydial infection|6357824_4|if the estimate that 20% of salpingitis cases are due to c trachomatis is accepted, then at least 20,000 women/year in the us may be ###infertile because of chlamydial infection###.|1984|1 because of|lethargy|cerebral infarction|16784623_11|there was 1 case of cup reinsertion in group 1 because of large anteversion angle; 2 cases of symptomatic dvt and 1 case of ###lethargy because of cerebral infarction### happened in group 2.|2006|1 because of|low vision|cataract|19437314_11|considering their better eyes, 39 people (2.7%) were shown to have ###low vision because of cataract### and another 12 (0.8%) were classified as blind.|2009|1 because of|macular edema|branch retinal vein occlusion|21811207_0|three treatments for ###macular edema because of branch retinal vein occlusion###: intravitreous bevacizumab or tissue plasminogen activator, and vitrectomy.|2012|1 because of|mesoblastic nephroma|premature labour|15885547_2|observation: we report the prenatal discovery of a ###mesoblastic nephroma because of premature labour###.|2005|1 because of|myomas|menometrorrhagia|8779240_1|in 20 patients, a hysteroscopic resection of ###myomas because of menometrorrhagia### was carried out between february 1992 to july 1993.|1996|1 because of|neurological symptoms|cord compression|12758116_2|paraspinal avss are located outside the spine and are responsible for ###neurological symptoms because of cord compression### by ertatic veins, venous congestion or arterial steal.|2003|1 because of|osteodystrophy|chronic renal failure|19275452_4|among the most common causes of spontaneous fracture are osteoporosis (calcium deficiency and corticosteroid-induced), malignancy, overexposure to vitamin a, periprosthetic weakening, brucellosis, cerebral palsy (especially in children), and ###osteodystrophy because of chronic renal failure###.|2009|1 because of|parkinson's disease|tremor|7546925_4|a 67-year-old man was being treated for ###parkinson's disease because of tremor### of both upper extremities for several years.|1995|0 because of|pulmonary regurgitation|carcinoid syndrome|19139590_2|a patient with severe tricuspid and ###pulmonary regurgitation because of carcinoid syndrome### successfully underwent double valve replacement using bioprostheses.|2009|1 because of|rebound tenderness|infection|2185002_2|a 37-year-old alcoholic male developed fever, right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and ###rebound tenderness because of infection### of the appendix with entamoeba histolytica.|1990|0.5 because of|renal failure|insulin-dependent diabetes|14708081_3|this case study of a 48-year-old black man undergoing chronic hemodialysis for ###renal failure because of insulin-dependent diabetes### describes a simple approach for resolving localized pocket infections associated with the lifesite system by drip irrigation of the valves and tissue pockets with an antibiotic solution.|2004|1 because of|respiratory failure|upper airway obstruction|12118781_1|we discuss the case of a young man with mediastinal tuberculosis who presented with pericarditis, thymic involvement, and ###respiratory failure because of upper airway obstruction###.|2002|1 because of|retinal detachment|proliferative vitreoretinopathy|21878849_3|all eyes underwent retinectomy with silicone oil tamponade for ###retinal detachment because of proliferative vitreoretinopathy###.|2012|1 because of|schistosomiasis|portal hypertension|12020897_1|thirty-eight cases clinically diagnosed as advanced schistosomiaisis were subject to splenectomy in dongzhi county special hospital for ###schistosomiasis because of portal hypertension###, splenomegaly and/or hypersplenism.|2002|1 because of|secondary dystonia|cerebral palsy|20104168_1|background : different studies show the efficacy of intrathecal baclofen therapy (itb) in patients with ###secondary dystonia because of cerebral palsy###.|2010|1 because of|sleep disturbance|eczema|18001427_11|limitation of daily activity from nasal symptoms (22.3% vs. 37.8%) and ###sleep disturbance because of eczema### (8.4% vs. 15.7%) increasingly affected quality of life on the quality of life.|2007|1 because of|splenic abscess|salmonella infection|18485934_0|partial laparoscopic splenectomy for ###splenic abscess because of salmonella infection###: a case report.|2008|1 because of|sports anemia|iron deficiency|21411831_1|some athletes are diagnosed as suffering from ###sports anemia because of iron deficiency###, but the regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood.|2011|1 because of|thrombocytopenia|splenic sequestration|18344210_2|the purpose of this study was to review our institutional experience with pse for cancer patients with ###thrombocytopenia because of splenic sequestration### precluding the administration of systemic therapy (st).|2008|1 because of|triploidy|partial hydatidiform mole|11038438_9|in the third abortion specimen, suspicious of ###triploidy because of partial hydatidiform mole###, cgh uncovered a tertiary trisomy 4 resulting from a 3:1 segregation of the translocation chromosomes and their homologs during maternal meiosis i. differences in cgh results using dna generated directly or after dop-pcr were explained by dna fragmentation in paraffin-embedded tissues and unequal amplification.|2000|1 because of|urinary tract infections|vesico-ureteric reflux|11746148_2|children with duplex kidneys may be prone to ###urinary tract infections because of vesico-ureteric reflux### or obstruction.|2001|1 because of|vision loss|diabetic macular edema|20711086_2|methods : in a prospective clinical trial, 10 eyes of 10 consecutive patients with ###vision loss because of diabetic macular edema### were compared with 10 eyes of 10 age-matched controls.|2010|1 because of|visual disturbances|venous hypertension|9921864_13|conclusions : davms that drain into occipital veins cause field loss and other ###visual disturbances because of venous hypertension### in the occipital lobe, which can be reversed by occluding the davm nidus.|1999|1 because of|whooping cough|pertussis|394107_1|a five week old male infant is treated under suspicion of ###whooping cough because of pertussis### like cough, cyanosis, and attacks of reflex apnea.|1980|1 caused by a|abdominal pain|gastric tumor|14621202_1|we report the case of a 76-year-old woman who presented with ###abdominal pain caused by a gastric tumor###.|2003|1 caused by a|acromegaly|pituitary adenoma|10552028_3|we retrospectively studied 29 patients with ###acromegaly caused by a pituitary adenoma###.|1999|1 caused by a|acute renal failure|crescentic glomerulonephritis|10955947_2|she initially presented with ###acute renal failure caused by a crescentic glomerulonephritis### associated with positive tests for mpo-anca.|2000|1 caused by a|anemia|single leiomyoma|13641714_0|a quarter century of ###anemia caused by a single leiomyoma### of the small bowel.|1959|1 caused by a|angina pectoris|subclavian artery stenosis|1836752_2|we report a case of ###angina pectoris caused by a subclavian artery stenosis### proximal to a left internal mammary-coronary artery bypass graft.|1992|1 caused by a|apc resistance|factor v leiden mutation|11828228_8|in 12 cases, an ###apc resistance caused by a factor v leiden mutation### (11 heterozygous; 1 homozygous) was detected.|2002|1 caused by a|bowel obstruction|meckel's diverticulum|14972313_0|###bowel obstruction caused by a meckel's diverticulum### enterolith: a case report and review of the literature.|2004|1 caused by a|cerebral infarction|left atrial myxoma|2237096_1|we report 2 cases (n. 1 and 2) of ###cerebral infarction caused by a left atrial myxoma###, and 1 case (n. 3).|1990|1 caused by a|cervical radiculopathy|herniated cervical disc|8169540_0|chiropractic treatment of ###cervical radiculopathy caused by a herniated cervical disc###.|1994|1 caused by a|chronic persistent hepatitis|hepatitis b|2295547_1|a pacific white-sided dolphin (lagenorhynchus obliquidens) developed clinical signs, serum biochemical values, and serologic viral markers consistent with ###chronic persistent hepatitis caused by a hepatitis b###-like virus.|1990|1 caused by a|colonic intussusception|lipoma|11486326_4|we present a case of ###colonic intussusception caused by a lipoma### that was located in the muscular layer of the colon and was diagnosed preoperatively by sonography.|2001|1 caused by a|cushing's syndrome|phaeochromocytoma|1283118_1|we describe a case of ###cushing's syndrome caused by a phaeochromocytoma### secreting corticotrophin-releasing hormone (crh) and corticotrophin (acth).|1993|1 caused by a|diarrhoea|stenosis|21686776_0|###diarrhoea caused by a stenosis### of the coeliac artery: suggestive for mesenteric steal.|2011|1 caused by a|dysphagia|hypopharyngeal diverticulum|6439441_4|this new application of laser surgery proved to be a safe and reliable method of treatment for ###dysphagia caused by a hypopharyngeal diverticulum###.|1985|1 caused by a|dysphagia|sessile polyp|3808373_1|a patient with ###dysphagia caused by a sessile polyp### in the lower esophagus is reported.|1987|0.5 caused by a|eczema|lactose intolerance|9250600_4|as far as we know, this is the first case report of an ###eczema caused by a lactose intolerance###.|1997|1 caused by a|erythrocytosis|renal cyst|14153467_0|###erythrocytosis caused by a renal cyst### with remission of polycythemia following its removal.|1964|1 caused by a|extrahepatic cholestasis|pancreatic tumor|19185005_4|unexpectedly, we observed marked elevation of plasma fgf19 in patients with ###extrahepatic cholestasis caused by a pancreatic tumor### (2.3 +/- 2.3 in cholestatic versus 0.40 +/- 0.25 ng/ml and 0.29 +/- 0.12 ng/ml in postcholestatic patients who received preoperative drainage by biliary stenting, p = 0.004, and noncholestatic control patients, p = 0.04, respectively).|2009|1 caused by a|follicular conjunctivitis|mantle cell lymphoma|15162290_0|###follicular conjunctivitis caused by a mantle cell lymphoma###.|2004|1 caused by a|gastric outlet obstruction|gallstone|10854523_1|###gastric outlet obstruction caused by a gallstone### in the duodenum or pylorus(bouveret's syndrome) is a very rare complication of gallstone disease.|2000|1 caused by a|heel pain|baker's cyst|9642916_0|tibial nerve entrapment and ###heel pain caused by a baker's cyst###.|1998|1 caused by a|hemarthrosis|popliteal cyst|11592378_2|we report the case of a 48-year-old woman with ###hemarthrosis caused by a popliteal cyst### infiltrated by a diffuse neurofibroma associated with angiodysplasia.|2001|1 caused by a|hemarthrosis|synovial hemangioma|21088622_1|we describe an unusual case of ###hemarthrosis caused by a synovial hemangioma### in an 11-year-old boy.|2011|1 caused by a|hydronephrosis|ureteral calculus|15605938_6|five years later, because of urosepsis and ###hydronephrosis caused by a ureteral calculus###, a nephrostomy was placed in the proximal right ureter, antibiotic treatment was prescribed, and the calculus was managed by crushing the stones using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.|2004|1 caused by a|hyperprolactinemia|dermoid|2308685_1|a patient with galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and ###hyperprolactinemia caused by a dermoid### tumor of the pituitary gland is presented.|1990|0.5 caused by a|hyperprolactinemia|prolactin-producing pituitary tumor|8317189_3|we therefore measured the plasma calcitonin and igf-i levels in nine women with ###hyperprolactinemia caused by a prolactin-producing pituitary tumor###.|1993|1 caused by a|intracranial hypertension|meningioma|20800493_0|###intracranial hypertension caused by a meningioma### compressing the transverse sinus.|2010|1 caused by a|lysosomal storage disease|deficiency of arylsulfatase|12904606_1|mucopolysaccharidosis type vi (mps vi) is a ###lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of arylsulfatase### b (asb) which has its function in the sequential degradation of glycosaminoglycans (gag).|2003|1 caused by a|median nerve compression|leiomyoma|12494390_2|we report a rare case of ###median nerve compression caused by a leiomyoma### in the distal forearm.|2002|1 caused by a|metabolic disorder|villous adenoma of the rectum|1932494_0|[treatment with indomethacin for the control of the ###metabolic disorder caused by a villous adenoma of the rectum###].|1991|1 caused by a|nerve root compression|meningioma|11320982_1|study design : a case report of a patient with cervical spinal cord and ###nerve root compression caused by a meningioma### en plaque together with calcification of the posterior longitudinal ligament is presented,with a review of the literature.|2001|1 caused by a|neurological symptoms|metastatic melanoma|20482904_3|the second patient presented with ###neurological symptoms caused by a metastatic melanoma###; the primary tumour had recently been resected.|2010|1 caused by a|obstructive hydrocephalus|thalamic tumor|7477758_1|we report a fatal tumor hemorrhage in a 1-and-a-half-year old girl after ventriculoperitoneal shunting for ###obstructive hydrocephalus caused by a thalamic tumor###.|1995|1 caused by a|oncogenic osteomalacia|phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor|19441990_0|###oncogenic osteomalacia caused by a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor### of the thoracic spine.|2009|0.5 caused by a|radiculopathy|ganglion cyst|18640878_2|purpose : to report a case of ###radiculopathy caused by a ganglion cyst### of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a teenager.|2009|0.5 caused by a|recurrent meningitis|fistula|6453940_0|[mondini's syndrome and ###recurrent meningitis caused by a fistula### of the oval window].|1981|1 caused by a|retinal detachment|macular hole|15635827_1|the purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical outcomes of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane removal in highly myopic eyes with ###retinal detachment caused by a macular hole###.|2005|1 caused by a|sciatica|herniated disk|3687413_0|[comparative study of surgery and chemonucleolysis in the treatment of ###sciatica caused by a herniated disk###].|1987|1 caused by a|sciatica|neurilemoma|8478389_0|###sciatica caused by a neurilemoma### of the intrapelvic portion of the sciatic nerve. a case report.|1993|1 caused by a|spinal cord compression|mass lesion|16925083_5|###spinal cord compression caused by a mass lesion### in all patients was clearly demonstrated on magnetic resonance images.|2006|1 caused by a|subarachnoid hemorrhage|posterior communicating artery aneurysm|16302635_5|the authors suspected a ###subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by a posterior communicating artery aneurysm###, although this hypothesis was refuted on further investigation.|2005|1 caused by a|superior vena cava syndrome|malignant thymoma|14692437_4|methods : the patient presented with a ###superior vena cava syndrome caused by a malignant thymoma###.|2003|1 caused by a|tapia's syndrome|neurofibroma|7373407_0|###tapia's syndrome caused by a neurofibroma### of the hypoglossal and vagus nerves: case report.|1980|0.5 caused by a|tetraparesis|hematoma|9881628_1|we describe the case - to our knowledge unique - of an 8-year-old boy who presented with acute onset of lower cranial nerve palsy and ###tetraparesis caused by a hematoma### in a dorsal exophytic pilocytic astrocytoma of the medulla oblongata.|1999|1 caused by a|thrombosis|popliteal aneurysm|2771100_1|two personally observed cases of ischaemia of the lower extremities due to ###thrombosis caused by a popliteal aneurysm### are presented.|1989|1 caused by a|transient ischemic attack|papillary fibroelastoma|19436814_3|we present herein the case of a 42-year-old woman who suffered a ###transient ischemic attack caused by a papillary fibroelastoma### that originated from the aortic valve.|2009|1 caused by a|unilateral epiphora|papilloma|6050847_0|###unilateral epiphora caused by a papilloma### of the lower canaliculus.|1967|0.5 caused by a|urosepsis|ureteral stone|12629772_2|we analyzed 6 cases of septic shock due to ###urosepsis caused by a ureteral stone### from august 1998 to september 2001.|2003|1 caused by a|visual field defects|brain lesion|14635515_3|methods : four patients with ###visual field defects caused by a brain lesion### after a stroke was investigated.|2003|1 caused by a|vomiting|lateral sinus thrombosis|10664036_3|the possible untoward consequences of a too restricted antibiotic policy, however, is illustrated by the following case of a 14-year-old boy who, after non-treatment of an ear infection, fell ill with one-sided headache and ###vomiting caused by a lateral sinus thrombosis###.|2000|1 caused by the|amusia|infarction|15633709_0|a case of ###amusia caused by the infarction### of anterior portion of bilateral temporal lobes.|2005|0.5 caused by the|anxiety|human immunodeficiency virus|9346794_2|thus liver transplantation can significantly strain local and regional blood resources at a time when transfusion practices are changing dramatically, in large part because of ###anxiety caused by the human immunodeficiency virus###.|1997|1 caused by the|bone pain|bone metastasis|8523836_8|89sr is useful for the relief of ###bone pain caused by the bone metastasis###.|1996|1 caused by the|brachial plexopathy|varicella zoster|17141648_0|monoparesis with complex regional pain syndrome-like symptoms due to ###brachial plexopathy caused by the varicella zoster### virus: a case report.|2006|1 caused by the|chronic inflammatory disease|infection|21099094_1|periodontitis is a ###chronic inflammatory disease caused by the infection### of periodontopathic bacteria in dental plaque.|2010|0.5 caused by the|cirrhosis|hepatitis c|21941425_11|in case 2, a 58-year-old man underwent ldlt for ###cirrhosis caused by the hepatitis c### virus.|2011|1 caused by the|diphyllobothriasis|infection|20165877_1|###diphyllobothriasis caused by the infection### of adult diphyllobothrium tapeworms sporadically occurs in chile.|2010|0.5 caused by the|encephalopathy|human immunodeficiency virus|8416709_8|it was assumed that the direct cytopathic effects of htlv-i were responsible for the formation of the mngc after considering the similarity with mngc in ###encephalopathy caused by the human immunodeficiency virus###.|1993|1 caused by the|end-stage renal disease|nephrotic syndrome|20588180_2|the patient reported here with ###end-stage renal disease caused by the nephrotic syndrome### underwent renal transplantation from a living donor.|2010|1 caused by the|eosinophilic meningitis|roundworm|11870244_1|background : outbreaks of ###eosinophilic meningitis caused by the roundworm### angiostrongylus cantonensis are rarely reported, even in regions of endemic infection such as southeast asia and the pacific basin.|2002|1 caused by the|fever|influenza|13513908_10|it is concluded that the liberation of an endogenous pyrogen from some as yet undefined source is an essential step in the pathogenesis of ###fever caused by the influenza### group of viruses.|1958|1 caused by the|genital warts|human papilloma virus infection|14996638_2|it is approved in many countries for the treatment of ###genital warts caused by the human papilloma virus infection###.|2004|1 caused by the|hepatic congestion|stenosis|12766555_7|thus, it is speculated that the increase in cyclosporine c/d ratio was mainly dependent on reduction of hepatic clearance of cyclosporin due to ###hepatic congestion caused by the stenosis### of the hepatic venous anastomosis.|2003|0.5 caused by the|immunodeficiency|viral infections|19580668_8|furthermore, the ###immunodeficiency caused by the viral infections### and chemotherapy may have played a role in developing life-threatening infectious complications.|2009|1 caused by the|immunosuppression|human immunodeficiency virus|8899277_4|the bilateral manifestation of herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a result of the increased severity associated with ###immunosuppression caused by the human immunodeficiency virus###.|1997|1 caused by the|infections|hepatitis b|20972275_0|[epidemiologic peculiarities of ###infections caused by the hepatitis b### and c viruses among lung tuberculosis patients].|2010|1 caused by the|infections|herpes simplex|20181313_1|objective : to determine which methods are most used by quebec physicians performing deliveries with regard to the prevention of and screening for ###infections caused by the herpes simplex### virus.|2010|1 caused by the|infections|influenza|21795823_3|however, few studies have focused on the role of these inflammatory mediators in ###infections caused by the influenza### a (h1n1)v. in this study, we assess the inflammatory response mediated by cytokines at the local and systemic levels in three cases of severe pneumonia caused by influenza a (h1n1) virus.|2011|1 caused by the|infections|measles|16526604_4|the prospects of myramistin use as a prophylactic agent for ###infections caused by the measles### and mumps viruses are discussed.|2006|1 caused by the|infections|mycobacterium avium complex|18719809_1|clarithromycin and clofazimine have been used to treat leprosy, tuberculosis and ###infections caused by the mycobacterium avium complex###.|2008|1 caused by the|infections|pittsburgh pneumonia|3328896_0|###infections caused by the pittsburgh pneumonia### agent.|1988|1 caused by the|infection|hepatitis b|7234822_6|the cryoglobulinemia might be due to the liver disease per se and it seems that it is not always related to an ###infection caused by the hepatitis b### virus.|1981|1 caused by the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|2770372_0|[hodgkin's disease in patients with ###infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus###. study of 9 cases].|1989|1 caused by the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|3245312_0|[secondary relapsing syphilis in a patient with an ###infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus###].|1989|1 caused by the|infection|influenza|1018494_0|clinical features in children of ###infection caused by the influenza### a2 variant a/victoria/3/75.|1977|1 caused by the|infection|smallpox|4373935_0|[effect of hyperthermia on the ###infection caused by the smallpox### vaccine virus].|1975|1 caused by the|infectious disease|sars-associated coronavirus|14561956_1|severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) was identified in 2003 as an ###infectious disease caused by the sars-associated coronavirus### (sars-cov), a member of the coronavirus family not observed previously in humans.|2003|1 caused by the|infectious disease|yersinia|12474416_1|plague is an ###infectious disease caused by the yersinia### pestis microorganism, which is transmitted to the human host from a natural reservoir (different rodent species) by a flea bite.|2002|1 caused by the|ischaemia|hydrocephalus|8475810_11|it is suggested that vascular changes observed in hydrocephalic rats may be due to the high level of lipid peroxidation, which in turn may be the consequence of ###ischaemia caused by the hydrocephalus### related stretching of cerebral vessels.|1993|1 caused by the|ischemia|renal artery thrombosis|2117327_8|it is suggested that ###ischemia caused by the renal artery thrombosis### stimulated the erythropoietin production in the native polycystic kidney.|1990|1 caused by the|lysosomal storage disease|deficiency of arylsulfatase|14680985_1|metachromatic leukodystrophy (mld) is a ###lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase### a (arsa) or saposin b. the majority of mutations identified in patients with mld are unique within individual families.|2003|1 caused by the|lysosomal storage disease|deficiency of arylsulfatase|15710861_1|background : metachromatic leukodystrophy (mld) is a ###lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase### a (arsa).|2005|1 caused by the|lysosomal storage disease|deficiency of arylsulfatase|9090526_1|metachromatic leukodystrophy (mld), a ###lysosomal storage disease caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase### a (asa), is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, and its frequency is estimated to be 1 in 40,000 live births.|1997|1 caused by the|meningoencephalitis|epidemic parotitis|4660422_0|[pathogenesis of serous meningitis and ###meningoencephalitis caused by the epidemic parotitis### virus in children].|1973|1 caused by the|meningoencephalitis|west nile virus|6274825_1|three cases of ###meningoencephalitis caused by the west nile virus### in young people are described.|1982|1 caused by the|metabolic disorder|deficiency of arylsulfatase|2574462_1|metachromatic leukodystrophy is a ###metabolic disorder caused by the deficiency of arylsulfatase### a. deficiency of this enzyme is also found in apparently healthy individuals, a condition for which the term pseudodeficiency was introduced.|1990|1 caused by the|muscle atrophy|neuropathy|7780231_9|we suspected that ###muscle atrophy caused by the neuropathy### of the ninth to twelfth intercostal nerves may have been the cause of the hernia.|1995|1 caused by the|neurological disorders|human immunodeficiency virus|10945813_1|objective : to determine the change of incidence and prevalence of ###neurological disorders caused by the human immunodeficiency virus### (hiv) and opportunistic infections in hiv positive patients under treatment since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart).|2000|1 caused by the|neurological symptoms|aneurysms|22123478_3|###neurological symptoms caused by the aneurysms### remained unchanged in two patients, and deteriorated in four.|2011|1 caused by the|obstructive uropathy|human immunodeficiency virus|9328372_1|two patients with oliguric acute renal failure (arf) attributed to crystalluria and nephrolithiasis with ###obstructive uropathy caused by the human immunodeficiency virus### protease inhibitor indinavir are described.|1997|1 caused by the|olivopontocerebellar atrophy|spinocerebellar ataxia type 1|8615077_0|structural and immunocytochemical features of ###olivopontocerebellar atrophy caused by the spinocerebellar ataxia type 1### (sca-1) mutation define a unique phenotype.|1996|0 caused by the|pain|bone metastases|12736573_5|she was treated with chemo-endocrine therapy, but nonetheless could not bear the back ###pain caused by the bone metastases###.|2003|0.5 caused by the|pain|common cold|19588387_16|authors' conclusions : the authors recommend nsaids for relieving discomfort or ###pain caused by the common cold###.|2009|1 caused by the|parasitic disease|tapeworm|18513110_1|a hydatid cyst is a ###parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm### echinococcus granulosus.|2008|1 caused by the|parasitic disease|tapeworm|20859857_1|hydatid cyst is a ###parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm### echinococcus granulosus.|2010|1 caused by the|parasitic infestation|pork tapeworm|17223588_1|cysticercosis is a ###parasitic infestation caused by the pork tapeworm### larval stage, cysticercus cellulosae.|2007|1 caused by the|pelvic pain|residual ovary syndrome|8616132_11|conclusions : suppression of ovarian function by gnrh analogues may allow differentiation of ###pelvic pain caused by the residual ovary syndrome### from other causes.|1996|1 caused by the|serous macular detachment|optic pit|8479141_1|the observations concerning the treatment of 5 patients suffering from the ###serous macular detachment caused by the optic pit### are presented.|1993|1 caused by the|steatorrhea|malabsorption syndrome|10681282_9|when participants consumed 40 g of olestra per day, the excretion of fecal fat increased to levels observed in patients with ###steatorrhea caused by the malabsorption syndrome###.|2000|1 caused by the|velopharyngeal insufficiency|cleft palate|16528505_2|due to ###velopharyngeal insufficiency caused by the cleft palate###, a high percentage of the children affected also have impaired eustachian tube function.|2006|1 caused by|acute respiratory failure|pneumonia|2202245_4|the presence of an ultimately or rapidly fatal underlying disease (p = 0.0018), worsening of ###acute respiratory failure caused by pneumonia### (p = 0.0096), the presence of septic shock (p = 0.016), an inappropriate antibiotic treatment (p = 0.02), and the type of intensive care unit (icu) hospitalization (noncardiac surgery and nonsurgical icu compared with post-cardiac surgery icu) (p = 0.08) were those factors selected by a stepwise logistic regression analysis as independently worsening the prognosis.|1990|1 caused by|allergic rhinitis|birch pollen allergy|20419605_1|oralair birch is a dissolving tablet being developed for sublingual immunotherapy (slit) of ###allergic rhinitis caused by birch pollen allergy###.|2010|1 caused by|aortic insufficiency|nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis|14695634_2|we report a 61-year-old woman with a 12-month history of raynaud's phenomenon who developed multiple digital necrosis following aortic valve replacement with mechanical prosthesis for ###aortic insufficiency caused by nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis###.|2003|1 caused by|bacterial infections|chlamydia|19140412_0|[current views of ###bacterial infections caused by chlamydia### and mycoplasma].|2009|1 caused by|biliary peritonitis|tapeworm|5674157_0|[acute cholecystitis and ###biliary peritonitis caused by tapeworm### of the bovine type].|1968|1 caused by|cardiac tamponade|tuberculosis|22066081_0|###cardiac tamponade caused by tuberculosis### pericarditis in renal transplant recipients.|2011|1 caused by|cerebral vasospasm|subarachnoid hemorrhage|10713190_0|endothelin-1 concentration increases in the cerebrospinal fluid in ###cerebral vasospasm caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage###.|2000|1 caused by|colonic intussusception|colonic lipoma|20966621_4|we report a case of ###colonic intussusception caused by colonic lipoma### in an adult.|2010|1 caused by|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|12581016_1|objective : to describe a technical modification for constructing a vagina in girls with ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency###, using a narrower skin base but rich subcutaneous tissue, aiming to obtain both longer and larger vaginal segments with better cosmesis of the external genitalia.|2003|1 caused by|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|6639129_5|we concluded that neonatal screening for ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency### was possible by this method and that the infants' maturity and the particular day of collection of the samples affect the values but not the validity of the screening.|1983|1 caused by|cushing's syndrome|adrenal hyperplasia|5927659_0|adrenal autografts in the treatment of ###cushing's syndrome caused by adrenal hyperplasia###.|1967|1 caused by|dehydration|diarrhea|7885128_1|during the 1960s-1970s, treatment of ###dehydration caused by diarrhea### shifted from intravenous (iv) fluid replacement to use of oral rehydration salts (ors).|1995|1 caused by|dehydration|poor nutrition|17185884_6|###dehydration caused by poor nutrition### had induced cvst.|2006|1 caused by|distress|pain|12227446_3|the intraclass correlation coefficient (icc) between the answers to each survey was highest for the categories of ###distress caused by pain### (icc = 0.83), emotional reactions (icc = 0.83) and mobility (icc = 0.81).|2002|1 caused by|dysentery|shigella flexneri|3296580_2|the studies have revealed that both specific and nonspecific sensitization to hemolytic staphylococci and enterococci is higher in ###dysentery caused by shigella flexneri### than in dysentery caused by s. sonnei and has the tendency to increase in the course of the disease.|1987|1 caused by|ectropion|periocular dermatitis|11174423_0|###ectropion caused by periocular dermatitis###.|2001|1 caused by|enteric hyperoxaluria|short bowel syndrome|12638204_9|in this patient, urolithiasis was diagnosed to be due to ###enteric hyperoxaluria caused by short bowel syndrome###.|2003|1 caused by|eosinophilic meningitis|angiostrongylus cantonensis|15667715_0|ultrastructural localization of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in eosinophils from the cerebrospinal fluid of mice with ###eosinophilic meningitis caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis###.|2005|1 caused by|epidemic disease|bordetella pertussis|8896526_1|pertussis is an ###epidemic disease caused by bordetella pertussis### and also to a lesser extent by bordetella parapertussis.|1996|1 caused by|haemolytic disease of the newborn|rhesus isoimmunization|15332750_0|###haemolytic disease of the newborn caused by rhesus isoimmunization### (anti-c).|2004|1 caused by|hemorrhage|coagulation disorders|6687136_0|[etiological diagnosis of ###hemorrhage caused by coagulation disorders### in obstetrics].|1984|1 caused by|hemorrhagic septicemia|pasteurella multocida|7991893_0|[first case of an outbreak of ###hemorrhagic septicemia caused by pasteurella multocida### serotype b6 in northern cameroon].|1995|1 caused by|hydatid disease|echinococcus granulosus|17407023_1|###hydatid disease caused by echinococcus granulosus### often manifests as a slow growing cystic mass; it mainly affects the liver or lung and rarely other parts of the body such as the brain, heart, spleen, peritoneal cavity, or bone.|2007|1 caused by|hyperglycemia|type 1 diabetes|21262442_1|until now, vascular complications in diabetic pregnancy are mainly related to ###hyperglycemia caused by type 1 diabetes### (type 1 dm).|2011|1 caused by|hypersplenism|portal hypertension|3873810_1|splenic embolization using steel coils was performed in 28 patients with ###hypersplenism caused by portal hypertension###.|1985|1 caused by|immunodeficiency|hiv infection|9602372_2|the only subset of lymphoma clearly related to the ###immunodeficiency caused by hiv infection### (similar to transplantation-associated lymphomas) is the ebv+ primary central nervous system lymphoma.|1998|1 caused by|immunosuppression|acute leukemia|9342760_2|pulmonary cysticercosis is rare and in this case may have been promoted by the ###immunosuppression caused by acute leukemia###.|1998|1 caused by|infections|haemophilus influenzae|8783712_1|with the decline in the rate of ###infections caused by haemophilus influenzae### serotype b, h. influenzae serotype f (hif) is becoming a relatively important cause of invasive disease due to h. influenzae.|1997|1 caused by|infection|klebsiella pneumoniae|2701646_3|in non-neutropenic mice protection can also be obtained with such dosages of il-1 in ###infection caused by klebsiella pneumoniae### or listeria monocytogenes.|1990|1 caused by|inflammatory disorder|dental plaque|21976836_1|background : chronic periodontitis is an ###inflammatory disorder caused by dental plaque### having mixed microbial flora.|2011|1 caused by|mediastinitis|klebsiella pneumoniae|19745032_0|development of ertapenem resistance in a patient with ###mediastinitis caused by klebsiella pneumoniae### producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.|2009|1 caused by|meniere's disease|labyrinthine hydrops|13300564_0|[diuretics in therapy of ###meniere's disease caused by labyrinthine hydrops###].|1956|1 caused by|myocarditis|lyme disease|1535149_10|patients with ###myocarditis caused by lyme disease### must be treated with antibiotics.|1992|1 caused by|narcolepsy|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis|15148155_0|###narcolepsy caused by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis###.|2004|1 caused by|neonatal encephalopathy|birth asphyxia|19564319_1|background : fetal hypoxia is an important determinant of ###neonatal encephalopathy caused by birth asphyxia###, in which hypoxia-induced free radical formation plays an important role.|2009|1 caused by|neuropathic arthropathy|syringomyelia|18095200_0|###neuropathic arthropathy caused by syringomyelia### in different joints and lesion of brachial plexus at right upper extremity: a case report.|2007|1 caused by|opisthorchiasis|opisthorchis viverrini infection|21718798_1|###opisthorchiasis caused by opisthorchis viverrini infection### induces hepatobiliary disease (hbd)-associated cholangiocarcinoma (cca) via a chronic inflammatory immune response.|2011|1 caused by|pain|bursitis|3515920_6|flurbiprofen was both well tolerated and effective for the relief of ###pain caused by bursitis### or tendinitis of the shoulder.|1986|1 caused by|paraplegia|spinal cord tumor|8121526_0|[2 patients with ###paraplegia caused by spinal cord tumor### metastases].|1994|1 caused by|pneumonia|pneumocystis|1560726_0|[pneumatocele and ###pneumonia caused by pneumocystis### carinii].|1992|0.5 caused by|renal insufficiency|renal artery stenosis|2524861_8|it can restore or stabilize renal function in ###renal insufficiency caused by renal artery stenosis###.|1989|1 caused by|right ventricular failure|myocardial infarction|2887184_1|###right ventricular failure caused by myocardial infarction### may be refractory to treatment designed to support the systemic ventricle.|1987|1 caused by|seasonal allergic rhinitis|allergy|20872290_1|the aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of allergen-induced basophil cd164 upregulation in patients with ###seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by allergy### to grass pollens.|2010|0.5 caused by|septic arthritis|haemophilus influenzae|1572141_0|osteomyelitis and ###septic arthritis caused by haemophilus influenzae###, type f, in a young girl.|1992|1 caused by|severe sepsis|clostridium difficile infection|9374079_1|a case of ###severe sepsis caused by clostridium difficile infection### in a 66-year-old cirrhotic female is described.|1997|1 caused by|sexual impotence|vascular disease|2683673_0|###sexual impotence caused by vascular disease###: diagnosis with duplex sonography.|1989|1 caused by|skin disorders|food allergy|6391291_0|diagnosis and management of ###skin disorders caused by food allergy###.|1985|1 caused by|systemic illness|opportunistic infections|9451679_2|the pancreas can be affected by ###systemic illness caused by opportunistic infections###, kaposi's sarcoma, or lymphoma.|1998|1 caused by|thrombocytopenia|splenic hamartoma|11372813_0|###thrombocytopenia caused by splenic hamartoma###: resolution after splenectomy.|2001|1 caused by|venous hypertension|stenosis|15875201_7|###venous hypertension caused by stenosis### of the jugular foramen can also be present in these patients, resulting in intracranial hypertension and/or hydrocephalus.|2005|0.5 complicating|acute acalculous cholecystitis|mycoplasma pneumonia|1628474_0|###acute acalculous cholecystitis complicating mycoplasma pneumonia###e infection.|1992|1 complicating|acute colitis|inflammatory bowel disease|16571435_1|background : a two- or three-step procedure is mandatory for restorative proctocolectomy in patients presenting with severe or ###acute colitis complicating inflammatory bowel disease### (ibd).|2006|1 complicating|acute heart failure|coronary artery disease|17149680_0|[invasive therapeutic strategies in ###acute heart failure complicating coronary artery disease###: effectiveness and boundaries].|2006|1 complicating|acute pancreatitis|crohn's disease|1385273_0|###acute pancreatitis complicating crohn's disease###: mere coincidence or causality?|1992|1 complicating|adenocarcinoma|barrett's esophagus|8424435_1|a 17-yr-old boy underwent esophagectomy for multifocal high-grade dysplasia and ###adenocarcinoma complicating barrett's esophagus### (be).|1993|1 complicating|anaemia of chronic disease|rheumatoid arthritis|3872636_1|an inappropriate response of the bone marrow is implicated in the aetiology of the ###anaemia of chronic disease complicating rheumatoid arthritis###.|1985|1 complicating|boerhaave's syndrome|status epilepticus|20081646_0|###boerhaave's syndrome complicating status epilepticus###.|2010|1 complicating|bronchiectasis|chronic lymphatic leukaemia|7385094_0|###bronchiectasis complicating chronic lymphatic leukaemia### with hypogammaglobulinaemia.|1980|1 complicating|budd-chiari syndrome|metastatic ocular melanoma|6650474_0|###budd-chiari syndrome complicating metastatic ocular melanoma### in a patient not receiving chemotherapy.|1984|1 complicating|cardiac tamponade|postpericardiotomy syndrome|12972828_0|###cardiac tamponade complicating postpericardiotomy syndrome###.|2003|1 complicating|colorectal cancer|ulcerative colitis|17621613_4|this review details the true "risk" of ###colorectal cancer complicating ulcerative colitis###, discusses the objective evidence to support current endoscopic screening guidelines, and describes the imminent technological paradigm shift about to occur in the endoscopic management and detection of intraepithelial neoplasia.|2007|1 complicating|congestive cardiac failure|ventricular septal defect|3347880_7|in our experience patients with ###congestive cardiac failure complicating ventricular septal defect### after infarction can be stabilized initially on diuretic and vasodilator therapy, and surgery can safely be deferred until septal fibrosis allows adequate closure.|1988|1 complicating|corneal neovascularisation|acute hydrops|1478314_1|four cases of ###corneal neovascularisation complicating acute hydrops### in keratoconus are presented.|1993|1 complicating|deafness|mucous membrane pemphigoid|1103937_0|###deafness complicating mucous membrane pemphigoid###: a case report.|1976|1 complicating|disseminated intravascular coagulation|infectious mononucleosis|5125284_0|###disseminated intravascular coagulation complicating infectious mononucleosis###.|1972|1 complicating|embolic stroke|staphylococcus aureus endocarditis|15921523_0|###embolic stroke complicating staphylococcus aureus endocarditis### circumstantially linked to rectal trauma from foreign body: a first case report.|2005|1 complicating|end-stage renal failure|systemic disease|3052963_2|capd provides a suitable means of treatment of ###end-stage renal failure complicating systemic disease###s both in terms of control of uremia and quality of life, being the treatment of choice in selected patients.|1988|1 complicating|epithelial dysplasia|ulcerative colitis|1126593_0|carcinoma and ###epithelial dysplasia complicating ulcerative colitis###.|1975|1 complicating|fungemia|bronchogenic carcinoma|5099817_0|bronchial geotrichosis with ###fungemia complicating bronchogenic carcinoma###.|1971|1 complicating|glomerulonephritis|staphylococcal endocarditis|3455546_1|a case of ###glomerulonephritis complicating staphylococcal endocarditis### is presented.|1988|1 complicating|hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis|influenza|16785288_0|###hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicating influenza### a infection.|2006|1 complicating|hepatocellular carcinoma|cardiac cirrhosis|15973079_0|[a case of ###hepatocellular carcinoma complicating cardiac cirrhosis### caused by constrictive pericarditis].|2005|1 complicating|histoplasmosis|tumor necrosis|19951231_0|recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of ###histoplasmosis complicating tumor necrosis### factor blocker therapy.|2009|0 complicating|hodgkin's disease|neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis|2712243_0|###hodgkin's disease complicating neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis###.|1989|1 complicating|infective endocarditis|congenital heart disease|6187087_8|patients with ###infective endocarditis complicating congenital heart disease### with a shunt (6 patients), and those with infective endocarditis following valvulotomy (4 patients) are omitted from this analysis.|1983|1 complicating|intracranial hypertension|fulminant hepatic failure|2759548_0|thiopental infusion in the treatment of ###intracranial hypertension complicating fulminant hepatic failure###.|1989|1 complicating|left atrial thrombosis|mitral stenosis|843997_0|###left atrial thrombosis complicating mitral stenosis###: results of surgical treatment.|1977|1 complicating|left ventricular failure|acute myocardial infarction|2418295_0|haemodynamic dose-response effects of intravenous amrinone in ###left ventricular failure complicating acute myocardial infarction###.|1986|1 complicating|leg ulcers|rheumatoid arthritis|14317831_0|###leg ulcers complicating rheumatoid arthritis###.|1965|1 complicating|malabsorption|acute appendicitis|3741757_0|###malabsorption complicating acute appendicitis###.|1986|1 complicating|mediastinal lymphadenopathy|rheumatoid lung|2323235_4|###mediastinal lymphadenopathy complicating rheumatoid lung### is clinically relevant; speculation is provided regarding the mechanism of the lymph node enlargement in this setting.|1990|1 complicating|megaesophagus|tetanus|1885336_0|esophageal hiatal hernia and ###megaesophagus complicating tetanus### in two dogs.|1991|1 complicating|meningitis|acute otitis media|3126895_0|###meningitis complicating acute otitis media###.|1988|1 complicating|miliary tuberculosis|acute q fever|17148927_7|this report of ###miliary tuberculosis complicating acute q fever### is a valuable and unprecedented case.|2006|1 complicating|panophthalmitis|cataract|13007247_0|effect of sulfonamides and antibiotics on ###panophthalmitis complicating cataract### extraction.|1953|0 complicating|pasteurella pseudotuberculosis infection|acute appendicitis|5093863_0|###pasteurella pseudotuberculosis infection complicating acute appendicitis###.|1971|1 complicating|peritonitis|acute cholecystitis|191233_2|the first was diagnosed preoperatively as acute ulcerative colitis with toxic megacolon, and the second as ###peritonitis complicating acute cholecystitis###.|1977|1 complicating|peritonitis|acute diverticulitis|17294319_4|the advantages of laparoscopy could be combined with those of the primary resection in selected patients with ###peritonitis complicating acute diverticulitis###.|2007|1 complicating|pneumocystis carinii pneumonia|multiple myeloma|1995221_0|###pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicating multiple myeloma###.|1991|1 complicating|portal hypertension|hepatosplenic schistosomiasis|1343885_1|ultrasonography can reveal most of the manifestations of ###portal hypertension complicating hepatosplenic schistosomiasis###.|1994|1 complicating|pyoderma gangrenosum|cogan's syndrome|10233628_2|we now report a case of ###pyoderma gangrenosum complicating cogan's syndrome### in a 57-year-old woman, which then healed dramatically, as more interestingly did the associated uveitis with minocycline therapy.|1999|1 complicating|renal vein thrombosis|lipoid nephrosis|7113197_0|###renal vein thrombosis complicating lipoid nephrosis###.|1982|1 complicating|severe recurrent major depression|parkinson's disease|9379071_1|a 65-year-old woman with chronic pain was admitted to the hospital for ###severe recurrent major depression complicating parkinson's disease### (pd).|1997|1 complicating|squamous cell carcinoma|pilonidal disease|8895714_0|multimodality treatment of ###squamous cell carcinoma complicating pilonidal disease###.|1996|1 complicating|staphylococcal infection|respiratory disease|13635050_0|###staphylococcal infection complicating respiratory disease###.|1959|1 complicating|subsepsis allergica|leukemoid reaction|5880231_0|[a case of ###subsepsis allergica complicating leukemoid reaction###].|1966|1 complicating|superior sagittal sinus thrombosis|crohn's disease|1824551_0|###superior sagittal sinus thrombosis complicating crohn's disease###.|1991|1 complicating|thrombocytopenic purpura|infectious mononucleosis|13032873_0|###thrombocytopenic purpura complicating infectious mononucleosis###.|1953|1 complicating|tracheoesophageal fistula|carcinoma of the esophagus|2035870_0|high-frequency jet ventilation in the anesthetic management of a patient with ###tracheoesophageal fistula complicating carcinoma of the esophagus###.|1991|1 complicating|ventricular septal defect|acute myocardial infarction|17569801_0|pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle after repairing a ###ventricular septal defect complicating acute myocardial infarction###.|2007|1 due to an|acute glaucoma|intumescent cataract|958674_3|###acute glaucoma due to an intumescent cataract### should be treated medically or by peripheral iridectomy.|1976|1 due to an|acute renal failure|antiglomerular basement membrane disease|8530132_2|in the case presented here imad was helpful in the therapy of an ###acute renal failure due to an antiglomerular basement membrane disease###.|1996|1 due to an|carpal tunnel syndrome|haemangioma|1718362_1|a case of ###carpal tunnel syndrome due to an haemangioma### of the median nerve in a 12-year-old male is reported.|1991|0.5 due to an|conductive hearing loss|aural polyp|12883957_2|a report is made of a 38-year-old woman presenting with a ###conductive hearing loss due to an aural polyp###, which was subsequently diagnosed as a meningioma.|2003|1 due to an|congestive heart failure|anterior mitral valve rupture|9927853_2|in the postoperative follow-up, he suffered from ###congestive heart failure due to an anterior mitral valve rupture.|1999|1 due to an|congestive heart failure|old myocardial infarction|1895014_1|we describe a 72-year-old male with bulbospinal muscular atrophy (bsma) who was being treated for diabetes mellitus and ###congestive heart failure due to an old myocardial infarction###.|1991|1 due to an|conn's syndrome|adrenocortical adenoma|10560278_3|###conn's syndrome due to an adrenocortical adenoma### was confirmed at surgery.|1999|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenal adenoma|2875282_3|all 3 patients with ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma### were unresponsive to both crh and dexamethasone.|1986|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenal adenoma|2990881_1|six patients with cushing's disease and three with ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma### were monitored after their adenomectomy with the corticotropin-releasing hormone test to evaluate the progress of recovery of their pituitary adrenal function.|1985|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenal adenoma|2990881_5|in contrast, the recovery of the pituitary adrenal function in patients who had ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma### was not complete even one year after surgery.|1985|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenal adenoma|7308157_2|serum cortisol levels, the results of a dexamethasone suppression test and an adrenal scintigram with 131i-19-iodocholesterol were all compatible with ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma### that secretes cortisol autonomously.|1982|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenocortical adenoma|18421193_1|we report a 53-year-old woman with ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenocortical adenoma###, who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy and developed symptomatic hypercalcemia during the thyrotoxic period of painless thyroiditis, while tapering off a daily supplemented dose of cortisol.|2008|1 due to an|cushing's syndrome|adrenocortical adenoma|2342537_3|we encountered three patients in whom overt autoimmune thyroid disease developed after unilateral adrenalectomy for ###cushing's syndrome due to an adrenocortical adenoma###.|1990|1 due to an|dysphagia|aortic aneurysm|19949633_0|a patient with ###dysphagia due to an aortic aneurysm###.|2009|1 due to an|dysphagia|esophageal cancer|3613117_4|he was readmitted to our clinic one year later with a complaint of ###dysphagia due to an esophageal cancer###.|1987|1 due to an|epidemic keratoconjunctivitis|infection|997526_1|34 out of 72 patients (47.2%) with ###epidemic keratoconjunctivitis due to an infection### with the adeno-virus type 8 still showed, on average, corneal opacities after 2.3 years.|1977|1 due to an|extrinsic allergic alveolitis|allergy|7067067_1|twenty-three patients with ###extrinsic allergic alveolitis due to an allergy### to inhaled budgerigar serum protein (budgerigar fancier's lung disease) were typed for hla-a, b, c and hla-dr antigens.|1982|1 due to an|fever|infectious process|7731300_8|the most frequent etiology was surgery and ###fever due to an infectious process###.|1995|1 due to an|hemorrhage from the ear|aneurysm|13819580_0|###hemorrhage from the ear due to an aneurysm### of the internal carotid artery.|1960|0.5 due to an|hoarseness|osteochondroma|3362018_2|this report reviews the literature and presents the case of a 10-year-old girl with a neck mass and ###hoarseness due to an osteochondroma### of the cervical spine.|1988|0.5 due to an|horner's syndrome|osteochondroma|18875588_0|###horner's syndrome due to an osteochondroma### of the first rib.|1948|0.5 due to an|hydrocephalus|infection|3517675_1|a 28-year-old man presented with ###hydrocephalus due to an infection### by cryptococcus neoformans involving his ventriculoatrial shunt.|1986|1 due to an|hyperadrenocorticism|adrenocortical tumor|8162173_5|despite the absence of an increase in acth following lvp administration in dogs with ###hyperadrenocorticism due to an adrenocortical tumor###, there was a significant increase in plasma cortisol, the increment (790 +/- 238 nmol/l) being not statistically different from that in the control dogs (412 +/- 37 nmol/l).|1994|1 due to an|hyperaldosteronism|adrenal adenoma|2232630_0|concurrent hypercortisolism and ###hyperaldosteronism due to an adrenal adenoma###.|1990|1 due to an|hyperinsulinemia|islet cell adenoma|1476155_3|this report describes a patient with ###hyperinsulinemia due to an islet cell adenoma### with microadenomatosis, which, upon provocative in vivo testing, was found to be profoundly responsive to hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic stimuli.|1993|1 due to an|hypertension|aneurysm|1925777_1|the authors describe the case-history of a nine-year-old boy engaged in sports, suffering from serious ###hypertension due to an aneurysm### of the renal artery of the right kidney.|1991|0.5 due to an|hypertensive heart failure|atypical coarctation|17564068_1|a 60-year-old woman with hypertension for 40 years had presented the ###hypertensive heart failure due to an atypical coarctation### of the aorta.|2007|0.5 due to an|hypoglycemia|insulinoma|16245433_2|in view of the clinical picture (whipple's triad) a suspicion of ###hypoglycemia due to an insulinoma### of the pancreas aroused.|2005|0.5 due to an|infection|immaturity|19215806_3|it was the aim of this study to investigate whether the unique properties of sfa are also present in the neonatal immune system, as neonates are susceptible to serious ###infection due to an immaturity### of immune responses.|2009|0.5 due to an|macrogenitosomia praecox|interstitial cell tumour|5765993_0|###macrogenitosomia praecox due to an interstitial cell tumour### of the testis.|1969|0.5 due to an|meningitis|arachnoid cyst|449536_1|we report a combined otoneurosurgical approach in the treatment of a patient with ###meningitis due to an arachnoid cyst###, extending through the dura and petrous bone into the middle ear.|1979|1 due to an|nausea|obstructive hydrocephalus|11806112_2|this 30-year-old man suffered from headache and ###nausea due to an obstructive hydrocephalus### caused by a cavernous malformation in the tectum.|2002|1 due to an|obstructive jaundice|aneurysm|1951245_1|an unusual case of ###obstructive jaundice due to an aneurysm### of the hepatic artery is presented.|1991|0.5 due to an|ocular ischemic syndrome|internal carotid artery stenosis|12140050_1|purpose : to report a patient with ###ocular ischemic syndrome due to an internal carotid artery stenosis### in whom we confirmed improved retinal blood flow noninvasively after carotid endarterectomy.|2002|1 due to an|perforated duodenal ulcer|islet cell tumor|211574_3|the second case was a zollinger-ellison syndrome in a 10-year-old male child with ###perforated duodenal ulcer due to an islet cell tumor### of an aberrant pancreas in the omentrum.|1978|0.5 due to an|primary aldosteronism|adrenal carcinoma|14327513_0|###primary aldosteronism due to an adrenal carcinoma###.|1965|1 due to an|primary aldosteronism|adrenocortical adenoma|10915009_1|###primary aldosteronism due to an adrenocortical adenoma### can be cured by ablation of the adenoma, which produces an excess of aldosterone (aldosteronoma).|2000|1 due to an|primary aldosteronism|adrenocortical carcinoma|15891961_1|we report a rare case of ###primary aldosteronism due to an adrenocortical carcinoma###.|2005|1 due to an|primary hyperaldosteronism|adrenal adenoma|7724419_0|###primary hyperaldosteronism due to an adrenal adenoma### in a 14-year-old boy.|1995|1 due to an|primary hyperparathyroidism|ectopic parathyroid adenoma|17233271_2|we report a case of ###primary hyperparathyroidism due to an ectopic parathyroid adenoma### which required two interventions.|2007|1 due to an|secondary hypertension|aldosteronoma|1598748_1|a case of ###secondary hypertension due to an aldosteronoma### coexisting with renal artery stenosis is reported.|1992|1 due to an|seizures|abstinence syndrome|10789144_6|###seizures due to an abstinence syndrome### only occur after withdrawing benzodiazepines, phenobarbitone and primidone; they are seen in patients with both active and inactive epilepsy whilst the drug is being withdrawn and tend to be self-limiting.|2000|1 due to an|septicemia|intra-abdominal abscess|2215708_0|[the pneumoportogram, a rare finding in ###septicemia due to an intra-abdominal abscess###].|1990|1 due to an|severe malnutrition|eating disorder|22271490_3|methods : we developed the acute center at denver health medical center to medically stabilize adults with the medical complications of ###severe malnutrition due to an eating disorder###.|2012|1 due to an|skin symptoms|infestation|19326002_1|delusional parasitosis manifests in the patient's firm belief that they have ###skin symptoms due to an infestation### with insects.|2009|1 due to an|small bowel obstruction|intra-abdominal abscess|1341558_1|a case is presented of ###small bowel obstruction due to an intra-abdominal abscess### as a complication of stones left behind during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.|1994|1 due to an|subfertility|endocrine disorder|17557664_10|haemochromatosis should be considered and iron studies performed if ###subfertility due to an endocrine disorder### is being investigated.|2007|1 due to an|systemic hypertension|aldosteronoma|973662_2|###systemic hypertension due to an aldosteronoma### is a potentially curable condition through surgical extirpation of the offending organ.|1976|1 due to an|tracheal obstruction|aneurysm|7226871_1|acute respiratory failure presenting as intractable bronchospasm was caused by ###tracheal obstruction due to an aneurysm### of the thoracic aorta.|1981|0.5 due to an|uterine rupture|ectopic pregnancy|1250566_1|a case report of ###uterine rupture due to an ectopic pregnancy### in the uterine fundus in a 33-year-old women, gravida 4, para 3, inserted with a lippes loop c in 1969 is presented.|1976|1 due to a|abdominal pain|choledochal cyst|17508216_3|four patients initially presented on antenatal scans as a foregut atresia whereas the fifth presented at nine years with ###abdominal pain due to a choledochal cyst###.|2007|1 due to a|acromegaly|pituitary macroadenoma|20864785_0|craniopharyngioma in a patient with ###acromegaly due to a pituitary macroadenoma###.|2010|1 due to a|acute intestinal obstruction|granuloma|6729987_1|a case of ###acute intestinal obstruction due to a granuloma### caused by schistosoma haematobium in the appendix is presented.|1984|1 due to a|acute on chronic respiratory failure|respiratory tract infection|11186926_2|she had interstitial pneumonia associated with systemic sclerosis and was admitted to our hospital because of ###acute on chronic respiratory failure due to a respiratory tract infection###.|2001|1 due to a|airway obstruction|plexiform neurofibroma|22027168_2|a nine month-old boy presented with ###airway obstruction due to a plexiform neurofibroma### of the larynx.|2011|0.5 due to a|amenorrhea|pituitary tumor|985824_1|a 22-year-old woman with recurrent goiter, hyperthyroidism, galactorrhea, and ###amenorrhea due to a pituitary tumor### is described.|1976|1 due to a|anorexia nervosa|tumor of the hypothalamus|6504405_0|###anorexia nervosa due to a tumor of the hypothalamus###.|1985|1 due to a|bowel obstruction|volvulus|2965545_1|report of a case of hirschsprung's disease associated with meckel's diverticulum, gall stones and trisomy 21, in an 18 year old woman, operated for a ###bowel obstruction due to a volvulus### secondary to bowel distention.|1988|1 due to a|chest infection|lung abscess|17268893_4|she went on to develop a ###chest infection due to a lung abscess###.|2007|1 due to a|choledochoduodenal fistula|chronic duodenal ulcer|3954596_0|###choledochoduodenal fistula due to a chronic duodenal ulcer###.|1986|1 due to a|chylopericardium|lymphangioma|6499858_1|in this paper we present the case of an 18-year old asymptomatic woman whose routine chest radiograph revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette which was caused by a ###chylopericardium due to a lymphangioma### of the thymus.|1985|0.5 due to a|congenital goiter|thyroglobulin synthesis defect|3680925_1|the inheritance of ###congenital goiter due to a thyroglobulin synthesis defect### in a strain of dutch goats has been studied by mendelian and biochemical methods.|1987|1 due to a|cushing's syndrome|pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor|21390554_0|###cushing's syndrome due to a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor### metastatic to the ovaries: a clinicopathological description of a case.|2011|1 due to a|encephalitis|hantavirus infection|12217734_0|###encephalitis due to a hantavirus infection###.|2002|1 due to a|gastric outlet obstruction|gallstone|10650271_0|successful endoscopic therapy of a ###gastric outlet obstruction due to a gallstone### with intracorporeal laser lithotripsy: a case of bouveret's syndrome.|2000|1 due to a|hepatic coma|fulminant hepatitis|8404476_6|the patient died 25 days after the onset of disulfiram treatment in ###hepatic coma due to a fulminant hepatitis### with hepatorenal syndrome.|1993|1 due to a|hyperparathyroidism|parathyroid adenoma|11484109_2|she had a history of ###hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma### which had been excised 4 years previously.|2001|1 due to a|hyperprolactinemia|pituitary microadenoma|3919048_1|to assess a possible inhibitory effect of progestins on prl secretion, serum prl and estradiol levels were determined in 13 women with ###hyperprolactinemia due to a pituitary microadenoma### before and after 3 months of treatment with a potent progestin, lynestrenol.|1985|1 due to a|hyperthyroidism|toxic multinodular goiter|2004339_2|at the age of 52 years, she had a second thyroid operation because of ###hyperthyroidism due to a toxic multinodular goiter### with a mediastinal extension consisting of several separate nodules.|1991|1 due to a|hyperthyroidism|tsh secreting pituitary adenoma|6347441_0|###hyperthyroidism due to a tsh secreting pituitary adenoma###: case report, treatment and evidence for adenoma tsh by morphological and cell culture studies.|1983|1 due to a|ileocolic intussusception|gastrointestinal stromal tumor|22505390_0|###ileocolic intussusception due to a gastrointestinal stromal tumor###.|2012|1 due to a|indigestion|latent infection|21008434_0|puzzling attacks of ###indigestion due to a latent infection### with a cold virus.|1946|0.5 due to a|infarction|steal phenomenon|9578359_1|we report on a patient with a giant aneurysm arising from the right coronary artery leading to ###infarction due to a steal phenomenon###.|1998|1 due to a|intestinal intussusception|tumor of the small intestine|3694969_0|[a case of ###intestinal intussusception due to a tumor of the small intestine### metastatic from lung cancer].|1988|1 due to a|intracranial embolism|thrombus|11002495_7|the possible mechanism was thought to be recanalization following transient occlusion of the left ica caused by extension of dissection or ###intracranial embolism due to a thrombus### within the aneurysm.|2000|1 due to a|jaundice|pancreatic carcinoma|15185031_1|we report on the incidental observation of a pancreas divisum coexistent with an annular pancreas in a 88-year-old woman presenting with ###jaundice due to a pancreatic carcinoma###.|2004|1 due to a|jejunal obstruction|gastric leiomyoma|13291179_0|###jejunal obstruction due to a gastric leiomyoma###; report of a case.|1956|1 due to a|lung disease|drug hypersensitivity|3914227_5|the results of bronchoalveolar lavage are vital, especially in ###lung disease due to a drug hypersensitivity### reaction; the diagnosis of drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis due to a toxic mechanism is much more difficult and risky.|1986|1 due to a|mitochondrial myopathy|pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency|3919358_0|[lactic acid acidosis with ###mitochondrial myopathy due to a pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency###].|1985|1 due to a|near syncope|sinus node dysfunction|19156381_2|however, in cases where dizziness and ###near syncope due to a sinus node dysfunction### are found together with clinical characteristics of a sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (sahs), screening for sleep apnea would be prudent before deciding for a pacemaker.|2009|1 due to a|nephrotic syndrome|proliferative glomerulonephritis|15034757_1|in this article we present the case report of a 67-year-old male with a ###nephrotic syndrome due to a proliferative glomerulonephritis###, associated with an angioimmunoblastic t-cell lymphoma.|2004|1 due to a|obstructive sleep apnea|carotid body paraganglioma|14592289_0|a case report of an obesity hypoventilation syndrome associated with ###obstructive sleep apnea due to a carotid body paraganglioma###.|2003|1 due to a|precocious puberty|leydig cell tumor|17066464_1|a 20-month-old boy presented with ###precocious puberty due to a leydig cell tumor###, and at the age of 6 years with a primitive neuroectodermal brain-tumor (pnet).|2008|1 due to a|retinal detachment|macular hole|15258413_0|triamcinolone acetonide facilitates removal of the epiretinal membrane and separation of the residual vitreous cortex in highly myopic eyes with ###retinal detachment due to a macular hole###.|2004|1 due to a|retinal detachment|macular hole|3543470_1|this paper presents an assessment of the diminution of myopia in 25 eyes after surgery according to the technique of g. p. theodossiadis for ###retinal detachment due to a macular hole###.|1987|1 due to a|retinal detachment|retinal break|17552393_0|###retinal detachment due to a retinal break### in the macular atrophy of a myopic choroidal neovascularization.|2007|1 due to a|sciatica|herniated disk|3740743_0|[radiologic methods and prognosis of nucleolysis in the treatment of ###sciatica due to a herniated disk###].|1986|1 due to a|sciatica|lumbar disc disease|11447444_3|the patient was already investigated as a case of ###sciatica due to a lumbar disc disease### with a negative magnetic resonance imaging and then unsuccessfully operated elsewhere twice, with a misdiagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome.|2001|1 due to a|secondary hemochromatosis|myelodysplastic syndrome|12192634_9|diagnosis, therapy and clinical course: the patient had ###secondary hemochromatosis due to a myelodysplastic syndrome###.|2002|1 due to a|sepsis|catheter infection|19917418_2|on admission, he was suffering from ###sepsis due to a catheter infection### and respiratory failure caused by pulmonary edema and pneumonia, but, as a result of preoperative intensive care, we avoided septic shock.|2009|1 due to a|sepsis|shunt infection|17639866_11|additionally, the patient who experienced tumor hemorrhage required a shunt revision, and another patient died of ###sepsis due to a shunt infection###.|2007|1 due to a|spinal cord compression syndrome|malignant melanotic schwannoma|10404754_1|the authors report a rare case of ###spinal cord compression syndrome due to a malignant melanotic schwannoma###.|1999|1 due to a|splenic abscess|splenic infarction|18589197_5|herein we have reported a patient who developed a ###splenic abscess due to a splenic infarction### following splenic artery ligation during ldlt.|2008|1 due to a|stridor|metastatic melanoma|11779314_2|this paper describes a 78-year-old patient, previously treated for cutaneous malignant melanoma and intestinal fibrosarcoma, who presented with ###stridor due to a metastatic melanoma### in the larynx.|2002|0.5 due to a|stroke|cardiac myxoma|17430866_0|###stroke due to a cardiac myxoma###.|2007|1 due to a|stroke|fusiform aneurysm|9493182_0|###stroke due to a fusiform aneurysm### of the cervical vertebral artery: case report.|1998|0.5 due to a|subarachnoid hemorrhage|ruptured aneurysm|22059121_3|case description : we present an 82-year-old woman with ###subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured aneurysm### originating at a ptav.|2011|1 due to a|thrombocytosis|myeloproliferative disorder|9580816_5|our findings argue for a pathogenic role of platelets in the development of leg ulcers in patients with ###thrombocytosis due to a myeloproliferative disorder###.|1998|1 due to a|uterine inversion|leiomyoma|21736668_0|###uterine inversion due to a leiomyoma### on postpartum day 41: a case report.|2011|1 due to a|vertical diplopia|ivth nerve palsy|16705532_4|history and signs : two men, ages 70 and 59 years, respectively, presented with ###vertical diplopia due to a ivth nerve palsy###.|2006|1 due to chronic|brain dysfunction|neurological disorders|11083505_7|conclusion : the results suggest that a majority of cind elderly suffer from ###brain dysfunction due to chronic neurological disorders### or aging itself.|2001|1 due to chronic|cervical myelopathy|cord compression|17233286_1|object : although there is agreement that low-intensity signal changes on t1-weighted magnetic resonance (mr) images are a prognostic factor for poor outcome after surgical treatment of ###cervical myelopathy due to chronic cord compression###, the role of high-intensity signal changes on t2-weighted images is still controversial.|2007|1 due to chronic|cervical myelopathy|vitamin b12 deficiency|14626725_0|###cervical myelopathy due to chronic vitamin b12 deficiency### or herniated cervical disc or both.|2003|1 due to chronic|chronic kidney disease|hyperphosphatemia|18166826_2|serum fgf23 is increased at later stages of ###chronic kidney disease due to chronic hyperphosphatemia### and decreased renal clearance.|2008|1 due to chronic|cor pulmonale|fibrous mediastinitis|14256724_0|pulmonary artery obstruction and ###cor pulmonale due to chronic fibrous mediastinitis###.|1965|1 due to chronic|cor pulmonale|pulmonary emboli|12448964_17|conclusion : the initial experience with pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for patients with ###cor pulmonale due to chronic pulmonary emboli### demonstrated satisfactory mid-term follow-up data.|2002|1 due to chronic|cor pulmonale|pulmonary emboli|12621985_0|[pulmonary thromboendarterectomy: an effective surgical treatment for ###cor pulmonale due to chronic pulmonary emboli###].|2003|1 due to chronic|cor pulmonale|thromboembolism|2649240_1|we report the case of a child with ###cor pulmonale due to chronic thromboembolism### from a ventriculoatrial shunt.|1989|1 due to chronic|diarrhoea|colonic disease|678884_5|three patients with ###diarrhoea due to chronic colonic disease### had delayed t. patients with tropical malabsorption have bacterial colonisation of the small intestine, which is important in the pathogenesis of the disease.|1978|1 due to chronic|dilated cardiomyopathy|aortic regurgitation|16910349_2|the drug was prescribed for ventricular arrhythmia and atrial paroxysmal fibrillation in ###dilated cardiomyopathy due to chronic aortic regurgitation### with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction 35%; class functional nyha iii) and moderate-severe respiratory insufficiency.|2006|0.5 due to chronic|dyspareunia|nonspecific urethritis|14771194_0|###dyspareunia due to chronic nonspecific urethritis###.|1951|1 due to chronic|emaciation|lung infection|16838681_5|he was treated with combined use of ethambutol, rifampicin, clarithromycin, and streptomycin for six months, and his chest radiograph showed improvement, however, finally he died as he was in advanced age and ###emaciation due to chronic lung infection###.|2006|1 due to chronic|encephalopathy|liver diseases|2734587_2|cbf, determined by the intravenous xenon-133 method, and liver functions, assessed by the prothrombin index, bilirubin concentration, and the galactose elimination capacity, were studied in patients with acute fulminant liver failure and in patients with ###encephalopathy due to chronic liver diseases###--that is, cirrhosis of various etiologies.|1989|1 due to chronic|foot drop|stroke|22233870_5|methods: a pfes neuroprosthesis was used with overground gait training 3 times per week for 6 weeks in 2 subjects with ###foot drop due to chronic stroke### (more than 6 months poststroke).|2012|1 due to chronic|foot drop|stroke|22436311_5|methods : a pfes neuroprosthesis was used with overground gait training 3 times per week for 6 weeks in 2 subjects with ###foot drop due to chronic stroke### (more than 6 months poststroke).|2012|1 due to chronic|gastric carcinoma|helicobacter pylori infection|9208975_1|this study evaluated whether the increased risk of development of ###gastric carcinoma due to chronic helicobacter pylori infection### could be linked with elevated cell proliferative activity and expression of p53 and bcl-2.|1997|1 due to chronic|gestational diabetes|placental insufficiency|11753514_6|timing of delivery was needed in 35% of the cases with iddm and 15% of ###gestational diabetes due to chronic placental insufficiency###.|2001|1 due to chronic|growth failure|biliary stasis|2324899_9|we found that bdl is an appropriate model with which to study metabolic changes and ###growth failure due to chronic biliary stasis### during its progression to frank cirrhosis.|1990|1 due to chronic|heart failure|myocardial infarction|2527530_2|the effects of ###heart failure due to chronic myocardial infarction### on the responsiveness to injected angiotensin i and ace inhibition by intravenous cilazapril (1 mg kg-1) were evaluated.|1989|1 due to chronic|hepatic cirrhosis|alcoholism|11797649_5|methods : report the case of a patient with ###hepatic cirrhosis due to chronic alcoholism### and massive pleural effusion and ascites.|2002|1 due to chronic|hepatic encephalopathy|liver failure|16338762_0|relationship between tumor necrosis factor-alpha and ammonia in patients with ###hepatic encephalopathy due to chronic liver failure###.|2005|1 due to chronic|left ventricular hypertrophy|aortic regurgitation|1387892_2|to assess the ability of the high-frequency filtered signal-averaged ecg to improve ecg correlation with left ventricular mass, signal-averaged orthogonal lead recordings in 29 normal rabbits and seven rabbits with ###left ventricular hypertrophy due to chronic aortic regurgitation### were compared with left ventricular mass corrected for body weight.|1992|1 due to chronic|left ventricular hypertrophy|hypertension|1834553_1|we measured left ventricular blood flow with radioactive microspheres during aortic pressure reduction in 10 open-chest, anesthetized dogs with ###left ventricular hypertrophy due to chronic hypertension### and in 10 matched normotensive dogs.|1991|1 due to chronic|liver cirrhosis|bile duct obstruction|10987198_4|the hepatic endothelin system in ###liver cirrhosis due to chronic bile duct obstruction### is characterized by a simultaneous up-regulation of both endothelin-1 tissue concentration (7.2 fold compared to sham operation; p<0.001) as well as the density of both endothelin receptor subtypes (et(a) 7.4-fold, et(b) 4.9-fold, p<0.001, respectively) suggesting a synergistic activation of the hepatic endothelin system in this rat model of non-inflammatory cirrhosis.|2001|1 due to chronic|liver cirrhosis|schistosomiasis japonica|9544376_5|we diagnosed her case as preeclampsia with ###liver cirrhosis due to chronic schistosomiasis japonica###.|1998|1 due to chronic|liver disease|alcoholic intoxication|3996813_1|infraclinical myocardial lesions were searched for in patients with various types of ###liver disease due to chronic alcoholic intoxication###.|1985|1 due to chronic|liver fibrosis|liver diseases|15470532_3|accordingly, the development of ###liver fibrosis due to chronic liver diseases### is thought to be mediated by inflammatory cells.|2004|1 due to chronic|liver fibrosis|liver diseases|9186835_1|background/aims : the development of ###liver fibrosis due to chronic liver diseases### is thought to be mediated by inflammatory cells releasing fibrogenic mediators that activate fat-storing cells (ito-cells).|1997|1 due to chronic|liver fibrosis|virus hepatitis|16534888_0|correlation between ultrasonographic and pathologic diagnosis of ###liver fibrosis due to chronic virus hepatitis###.|2006|1 due to chronic|malnutrition|diarrhea|15859134_16|###malnutrition due to chronic diarrhea### and severe ischemic change in the brain were found.|2005|1 due to chronic|pain|rotator cuff tendonitis|17302022_3|(2) eswt, which is performed as an outpatient procedure, is intended to alleviate the ###pain due to chronic rotator cuff tendonitis###.|2007|1 due to chronic|pancoast's syndrome|pneumonia|9493683_2|we describe the case of a patient with ###pancoast's syndrome due to chronic pneumonia### resulting from pasteurella multocida.|1998|1 due to chronic|portal hypertension|schistosomiasis|18221611_11|advanced liver fibrosis and ###portal hypertension due to chronic schistosomiasis### are irreversible.|2008|1 due to chronic|productive cough|bronchopulmonary disease|9232667_6|guaiphenesin and bromhexine showed significant expectorant effects in patients with ###productive cough due to chronic bronchopulmonary disease###.|1997|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|pulmonary thromboembolism|15970981_1|###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic pulmonary thromboembolism### is frequently underdiagnosed and has a very poor prognosis if untreated.|2005|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|rheumatic mitral valve disease|1011365_7|as calculation of sx is considerably easier and less time consuming than that of right maximum spatial vector, this simplified method is preferable to right maximum spatial vector for prediction of the pulmonary artery systolic pressure of children with ###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic rheumatic mitral valve disease###.|1977|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|thromboembolic disease|11465167_1|background : patients with ###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thromboembolic disease### benefit from pulmonary thromboendarterectomy.|2001|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|thrombotic|18540180_4|patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah) and ###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thrombotic### or embolic disease should be treated with vasodilatators.|2008|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|thrombotic|18559220_1|objective : although surgical pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is the treatment of choice for ###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thrombotic### and/or embolic disease, minimally invasive endovascular techniques such as angioplasty or placement of a metallic stent can provide acceptable results when surgery is not indicated or has been refused by the patient.|2008|1 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|thrombotic|3943394_1|patients with fibrosing mediastinitis causing obstruction of pulmonary veins and arteries may present with many of the historic, physical, and laboratory findings of patients with ###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thrombotic### obstruction of major pulmonary arteries.|1986|0.5 due to chronic|pulmonary hypertension|upper airway obstruction|4502789_0|###pulmonary hypertension due to chronic upper airway obstruction###. report of a case.|1972|1 due to chronic|recurrent pyogenic cholangitis|infestation|16983555_3|we present a case of ###recurrent pyogenic cholangitis due to chronic infestation### with clonorchis sinensis in a young asian immigrant, describing its radiological appearances and also therapeutic strategies with a review of additional examples from the literature.|2006|0.5 due to chronic|refractory heart failure|coronary heart disease|884789_1|the long-term efficacy of the new oral vasodilator, prazosin (pz), was evaluated in nine patients with ###refractory heart failure due to chronic coronary heart disease###.|1977|1 due to chronic|right ventricular overload|pulmonary diseases|3747100_1|the pathophysiology and treatment of pump failure with ###right ventricular overload due to chronic pulmonary diseases### were discussed.|1986|1 due to chronic|secondary glaucoma|uveitis|38623_8|four out of the six eyes included in a previous report of ###secondary glaucoma due to chronic uveitis### are still, after one year of therapy, controlled with timolol.|1979|1 due to chronic|sepsis|abdominal abscesses|9003818_2|each patient had ###sepsis due to chronic abdominal abscesses###, along with a liver mass.|1997|1 due to chronic|skin damage|venous disease|17277241_0|patterns of venous reflux and obstruction in patients with ###skin damage due to chronic venous disease###.|2007|1 due to chronic|superior vena cava obstruction|mediastinitis|14797256_0|###superior vena cava obstruction due to chronic mediastinitis### and phlebitis.|1951|1 due to chronic|superior vena cava syndrome|granulomatous mediastinitis|2291317_0|###superior vena cava syndrome due to chronic granulomatous mediastinitis###.|1991|1 due to chronic|syringomyelia|arachnoiditis|5807283_0|###syringomyelia due to chronic arachnoiditis### at the foramen magnum.|1969|1 due to severe|abdominal pain|heart failure|19785886_2|two patients are discussed who presented with ###abdominal pain due to severe heart failure###.|2009|1 due to severe|acute mitral regurgitation|papillary muscle dysfunction|2637007_1|###acute mitral regurgitation due to severe papillary muscle dysfunction### or rupture has a poor clinical outcome and often requires an emergency surgical procedure.|1990|1 due to severe|acute mi|spasm|2289910_3|a second patient with ###acute mi due to severe spasm### of segment 6, confirmed by cineangiography, died three days later.|1991|1 due to severe|acute non-st elevation myocardial infarction|coronary heart disease|19801147_5|here, we report the case of a 25-year-old patient who presented to our emergency room with an ###acute non-st elevation myocardial infarction due to severe coronary heart disease###.|2010|1 due to severe|acute renal failure|gastroenteritis|12748901_1|history and clinical findings : a 54-year-old woman was referred for ambulant checkup after an episode of ###acute renal failure due to severe gastroenteritis### and recurrent arthralgias.|2003|1 due to severe|acute renal failure|hemorrhage|6513025_7|the cause of her death was thought to be ###acute renal failure due to severe hemorrhage### from an esophageal ulcer.|1985|0.5 due to severe|acute renal failure|malaria|8827999_1|from september 1976 to july, 1993, 7 patients---5 europeans, 1 filipino national, and 1 korean---were admitted to the renal unit of korle bu teaching hospital in ghana with ###acute renal failure due to severe malaria### and intravascular hemolysis.|1996|1 due to severe|acute respiratory insufficiency|acute respiratory distress syndrome|15642243_3|we describe the case of a 4-month-old infant with ###acute respiratory insufficiency due to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome### secondary to respiratory syncytial virus infection, successfully treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure and heliox (hx-ncpap).|2005|1 due to severe|ataxia|vitamin e deficiency|9690773_0|the possible role of nitric oxide and impaired mitochondrial function in ###ataxia due to severe vitamin e deficiency###.|1998|1 due to severe|ataxic respiration|brain edema|12833882_7|on the 18th day, the patient showed anisocoria and ###ataxic respiration due to severe brain edema###.|2003|1 due to severe|bone marrow fibrosis|vitamin d deficiency|19491072_0|osteomalacia with ###bone marrow fibrosis due to severe vitamin d deficiency### after a gastrointestinal bypass operation for severe obesity.|2009|1 due to severe|cardiac cirrhosis|tricuspid regurgitation|8698769_1|a patient with ###cardiac cirrhosis due to severe tricuspid regurgitation### associated with a mitral valve lesion successfully underwent mitral and tricuspid valve replacement.|1996|1 due to severe|cardiac failure|coronary disease|11138242_7|one of them received a sequenced heart-liver transplantation because of ###cardiac failure due to severe coronary disease###.|2001|1 due to severe|cardiorespiratory failure|bronchopneumonia|3935945_3|death from ###cardiorespiratory failure due to severe bronchopneumonia### occurred 46.5 hrs after the ingestion of the drug.|1986|1 due to severe|cheiro-oral syndrome|stenosis|8803824_0|###cheiro-oral syndrome due to severe stenosis### of the middle cerebral artery.|1997|0.5 due to severe|chronic pain|osteoporosis|3267654_3|at follow-up, 10 patients with medial dislocation experienced either occasional pain due to the limitation of subtalar movements, or ###chronic pain due to severe osteoporosis### of the hindfoot.|1989|1 due to severe|congestive heart failure|aortic valve regurgitation|9030790_5|indications for emergency surgery were ###congestive heart failure due to severe aortic valve regurgitation### in 44/49 (90%) and systemic emboli in 5/49 (10%) patients.|1997|1 due to severe|congestive heart failure|hypertrophic cardiomyopathy|2847121_1|a case of beta-cell adenoma of the pancreas in a neonate with ###congestive heart failure due to severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy### is reported.|1988|1 due to severe|dyspnea|laryngeal stenosis|14739497_2|the patient complained of ###dyspnea due to severe laryngeal stenosis### and underwent a tracheostomy.|2004|1 due to severe|dyspnea|pulmonary hypertension|10732856_3|she was admitted to sapporo medical university hospital with ###dyspnea due to severe pulmonary hypertension###.|2000|1 due to severe|heart failure|aortic stenosis|16218430_1|a 83-year-old man was admitted because of ###heart failure due to severe aortic stenosis### and mitral regurgitation secondary to chordal rupture of the anterior leaflet.|2005|1 due to severe|heart failure|aortic valve insufficiency|20514829_3|the standardized cannulation and operation strategy can not be used in cases, when aortic arch branches are involved in dissection (complex aortic arch dissection) or in cases with malperfusion or severely compromised hemodynamics (tamponade or ###heart failure due to severe aortic valve insufficiency###).|2010|1 due to severe|heart failure|mitral regurgitation|12173859_1|a 20-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis (type i), presented with ###heart failure due to severe mitral regurgitation###.|2002|1 due to severe|hemophagocytic syndrome|mycoplasma pneumonia|11844970_0|an elderly patient with ###hemophagocytic syndrome due to severe mycoplasma pneumonia### with marked hypercytokinemia.|2002|1 due to severe|hydrops fetalis|pyruvate kinase deficiency|10923218_1|the authors report a case of ###hydrops fetalis due to severe pyruvate kinase deficiency###, the most unusual clinical manifestation of this disease.|2001|1 due to severe|hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy|asphyxia|18712095_2|newborn children with ###hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to severe asphyxia### have significant disturbancies of cyto-energy metabolism which is proved through decrease in activity index of sd and decrease in quantity of the cells with moderate and high activity.|2008|1 due to severe|ischemia|stenosis|2233948_5|however, in patients with coronary heart disease and ###ischemia due to severe stenosis### (greater than or equal to 70 percent) of the left anterior descending or left main coronary arteries (n = 16), the ratio decreased from 1.45 +/- 0.31 at rest to 0.91 +/- 0.24 during exercise (p less than 0.001) and recovered to 1.27 +/- 0.38 two minutes after exercise.|1990|1 due to severe|lactic acidosis|malaria|12723459_0|population kinetics, efficacy, and safety of dichloroacetate for ###lactic acidosis due to severe malaria### in children.|2003|1 due to severe|liver disease|iron overload|10037058_2|we used subcutaneous recombinant erythropoietin (epo) (25 ui/kg) three times a week and phlebotomy once a week, to prevent liver toxicity in a patient with advanced acute leukemia and ###liver disease due to severe iron overload###, previous drug toxicity and hepatitis c viral infection.|1999|1 due to severe|myocardial ischemia|amoxicillin allergy|15301308_0|###myocardial ischemia due to severe amoxicillin allergy###.|2004|1 due to severe|pancreatitis|amyloidosis|2677691_5|in one case a ###pancreatitis due to severe amyloidosis### could be verified.|1989|1 due to severe|pituitary apoplexy|thrombocytopenia|16328568_11|in conclusion, we report a case of ###pituitary apoplexy due to severe thrombocytopenia### occurring as a complication of a preexisting macroprolactinoma.|2005|1 due to severe|portal hypertension|hepatic cirrhosis|12166345_0|increased heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in the livers of patients with ###portal hypertension due to severe hepatic cirrhosis###.|2002|1 due to severe|primary infertility|endometriosis|17628555_4|patient(s) : a 38-year-old woman with a 2-year history of ###primary infertility due to severe endometriosis### and poor ovarian reserve who conceived after egg donation and transfer of a single frozen-thawed embryo.|2008|1 due to severe|pyloric stenosis|gastric ulcer|11124565_2|multiple gastric carcinomas were discovered 21 years after gj-stomy without gastrectomy which had been performed for treatment of ###pyloric stenosis due to severe gastric ulcer###.|2001|1 due to severe|refractory heart failure|acute myocardial infarction|11605765_0|usefulness of carperitide for the treatment of ###refractory heart failure due to severe acute myocardial infarction###.|2001|1 due to severe|refractory heart failure|acute myocardial infarction|11605765_10|in conclusion, intravenous infusion of carperitide promptly and persistently reduces left ventricular filling pressure without diuresis, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, or neurohormonal activation in patients with ###refractory heart failure due to severe acute myocardial infarction###.|2001|1 due to severe|renal insufficiency|stenosis|1861766_1|the case is discussed of a patient with ###renal insufficiency due to severe stenosis### of both ureters brought about by a periaortic inflammatory process.|1991|1 due to severe|respiratory failure|cardiogenic pulmonary edema|9181165_3|methods : we selected 20 consecutive patients with ###respiratory failure due to severe cardiogenic pulmonary edema### to receive mechanical ventilation.|1997|1 due to severe|respiratory failure|obstructive pulmonary disease|4892604_0|use of a pressure-cycled respirator (bird) in ###respiratory failure due to severe obstructive pulmonary disease###.|1969|1 due to severe|right heart failure|tricuspid regurgitation|10517400_1|background and aims of the study : patients with symptoms of ###right heart failure due to severe tricuspid regurgitation### following a prior operation on left heart valves present a difficult problem.|1999|1 due to severe|scoliosis|cerebral palsy|3760165_1|interspinous process segmental instrumentation (issi) was used in 34 patients with ###scoliosis due to severe cerebral palsy###.|1986|1 due to severe|sepsis|streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia|17176860_1|a 30-year-old woman with malnutrition due to alcoholism and eating disorders was found to have acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and ###sepsis due to severe streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia###.|2006|1 due to severe|stridor|tracheal stenosis|15942303_2|twenty years after the initial injury, she presented with dyspnea and ###stridor due to severe tracheal stenosis###.|2005|1 due to severe|stroke|stenosis|19764492_2|left ventricular reconstruction and mitral valve surgery were considered for poor left ventricular function and dilatation with mr. however, low blood pressure during cardiac arrest was risk for ###stroke due to severe stenosis### of bilateral vertebral arteries.|2009|0.5 due to severe|superior vena cava syndrome|mediastinal lymphadenopathy|10917018_11|we believe that the most likely explanation for the facial edema is ###superior vena cava syndrome due to severe mediastinal lymphadenopathy###.|2000|1 due to severe|svc syndrome|stenosis|12927670_2|over a 1-year period, 18 patients with ###svc syndrome due to severe stenosis### secondary to mediastinal malignancy were referred for stent insertion.|2003|0.5 due to severe|unstable angina|stenosis|2939637_1|a patient presenting with ###unstable angina due to severe stenosis### of the left anterior descending coronary artery encountered 6 episodes with st segment depressions greater than or equal to 0.1 mv during frequency-modulated holter monitoring.|1986|0.5 due to severe|ventricular fibrillation|mitral valve prolapse|17137658_0|###ventricular fibrillation due to severe mitral valve prolapse###.|2007|1 due to severe|widened pulse pressure|aortic regurgitation|18599195_9|he had ###widened pulse pressure due to severe aortic regurgitation###, confirmed on echocardiography.|2008|1 due to the|acute cough|common cold|21198555_4|###acute cough due to the common cold### represents the most common type of cough.|2011|1 due to the|alkalosis|milk-alkali syndrome|9436295_0|hypercalcemia and ###alkalosis due to the milk-alkali syndrome###: a case report and review.|1998|1 due to the|anterior tibial compartment syndrome|pyomyositis|12639625_0|###anterior tibial compartment syndrome due to the pyomyositis### in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. a case report.|2003|1 due to the|bilateral hearing loss|mumps|8797224_1|we encountered 2 patients with ###bilateral hearing loss due to the mumps### virus in one and the varicella-zoster virus in the other.|1996|1 due to the|cardiac disorders|infection|9639900_2|in the present study, cardiac rhythms following anthelmintic treatment were investigated in lambs infected with s. papillosus to ascertain whether ###cardiac disorders due to the infection### are based on a reversible and curable change.|1998|1 due to the|cervicitis|infection|9651605_8|these results demonstrate that lvfx can be sufficiently transferred to the cervical mucus for the treatment of ###cervicitis due to the infection### of c. trachomatis etc.|1998|0.5 due to the|congenital infection|herpes simplex|2992275_2|the issue of ###congenital infection due to the herpes simplex### viruses is discussed.|1985|1 due to the|congestive heart failure|aneurysm|20685807_7|in this case, the patient presented with symptoms of ###congestive heart failure due to the aneurysm### in the right ventricle.|2010|0.5 due to the|congestive heart failure|tachycardia|7408162_2|although three were initially in ###congestive heart failure due to the tachycardia### and were extremely difficult to manage, all have completely recovered, are not taking medication, and are free of arrhythmia.|1980|1 due to the|conjunctivitis|newcastle disease|5892272_0|outbreaks of ###conjunctivitis due to the newcastle disease### virus among workers in chicken-broiler factories.|1966|1 due to the|cough|common cold|19697082_5|the most effective treatment for ###cough due to the common cold### is a combination first-generation antihistamine plus decongestant.|2010|1 due to the|diplopia|abducens nerve palsy|19107682_1|objective : in this report, we aimed to investigate the patients that presented at our clinic complaint with ###diplopia due to the abducens nerve palsy### and neurosurgical disease.|2008|1 due to the|dwarfism|dyggve-melchior-clausen syndrome|679519_1|the clinical and radiographic features of three adult siblings with mental deficiency and ###dwarfism due to the dyggve-melchior-clausen syndrome### are documented.|1978|1 due to the|dysphagia|lower oesophageal ring|13961494_0|###dysphagia due to the lower oesophageal ring###.|1963|1 due to the|encephalitis|mumps|19145570_0|[neuroimmunological diagnosis of ###encephalitis due to the mumps### virus].|2009|1 due to the|encephalitis|west nile virus|19133218_7|although ccr5 co-receptors play a role in the immune response of the body, it has not been shown whether individuals homozygote for its deletion (delta-32 mutation) have an increased risk of serious infections, with the possible exception of ###encephalitis due to the west nile virus###.|2009|1 due to the|entrapment neuropathy|median nerve entrapment|11996758_2|the carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is an ###entrapment neuropathy due to the median nerve entrapment###, which is associated with both occupational activities and autoimmune diseases.|2002|1 due to the|facial palsy|infection|682782_2|in more than 50 percent of the cases with a ###facial palsy due to the infection### the further course was letal (chandler 1968).|1978|1 due to the|graves' disease|increased oxygen demand|9292952_2|she also suffered from angina pectoris, which was probably a manifestation of ###graves' disease due to the increased oxygen demand###s in the presence of fixed coronary lesions.|1997|1 due to the|hepatocarcinoma|lymphatic metastasis|18798201_7|more than half of these genes were for the first time revealed to be involved directly in ###hepatocarcinoma due to the lymphatic metastasis###.|2008|1 due to the|homocystinuria|cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency|11338767_11|conclusions : both the clinical course of ###homocystinuria due to the cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency### and its incidence in the czech and slovak republics are similar to those in other populations.|2001|1 due to the|hyponatremia|syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion|11476729_1|###hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion### (siadh) and disorders of water retention such as congestive heart failure and cirrhosis is a common problem encountered in the care of the medical patient.|2001|1 due to the|hyponatremia|syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion|16970150_4|numerous clinical trials show avp antagonists to be effective at increasing free water excretion and serum sodium in patients with ###hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion### or edema-forming states such as congestive heart failure and cirrhosis.|2006|1 due to the|immunodeficiency|wiskott-aldrich syndrome|1329093_2|increased activity of this enzyme and the concomitant occurrence of the o-glycan core 2 structure [gal beta 1-3(glcnac beta 1-6)galnac] has been observed in a variety of biological processes, such as t-cell activation and ###immunodeficiency due to the wiskott-aldrich syndrome### and aids.|1992|1 due to the|impaired consciousness|spontaneous intracranial hypotension|15903043_0|[headache and ###impaired consciousness due to the spontaneous intracranial hypotension### syndrome].|2005|1 due to the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|2705837_1|cofactors for the clinical expression of ###infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus### (hiv) are not well understood.|1989|1 due to the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|8075291_0|mycobacterium ulcerans associated with ###infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus###.|1994|1 due to the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|8095162_1|anecdotal reports have suggested that painful gingivitis may be associated with ###infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus### (hiv).|1993|1 due to the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|8399934_0|mycoplasmas as cofactors in ###infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus###.|1993|1 due to the|infection|human immunodeficiency virus|8513047_1|the aids commentaries have focused primarily upon the clinical aspects of ###infection due to the human immunodeficiency virus### as documented in academic centers based in large metropolitan areas.|1993|1 due to the|infection|mycobacterium avium complex|8204773_1|###infection due to the mycobacterium avium complex### (mac) is the most common opportunistic disease of bacterial origin among patients with aids in the united states.|1994|1 due to the|intestinal malabsorption|vitamin b12 deficiency|3439671_3|the contradictory of this result can be explained wether by the bias of the test itself, or by the ###intestinal malabsorption due to the vitamin b12 deficiency###, or by other factors like bacterial overgrowth state (associated in the pernicious anemia) and a high level of antibodies to intrinsic factor.|1988|1 due to the|leukemoid reaction|bladder carcinoma|8464190_9|the laboratory data and the response to the treatments would indicate that the leukocytosis in this patient is a ###leukemoid reaction due to the bladder carcinoma### which may release g-csf.|1993|1 due to the|mitral valve regurgitation|infective endocarditis|2398884_0|[a case report of ###mitral valve regurgitation due to the infective endocarditis### associated with the straight back syndrome].|1990|1 due to the|nasal congestion|common cold|10023789_1|###nasal congestion due to the common cold### may be exacerbated in small children because of their small nasal passages.|1999|1 due to the|neurogenic bladder|anterior spinal artery syndrome|2893526_8|we discussed the therapy of ###neurogenic bladder due to the anterior spinal artery syndrome###.|1988|1 due to the|ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome|polycystic ovarian syndrome|12879653_5|material and methods : patients undergoing the ovarian stimulation with increased risk of development of ###ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome due to the polycystic ovarian syndrome### were included in the study and randomized to two groups.|2003|1 due to the|parasitic disease|infection|8765952_1|cysticercosis is a ###parasitic disease due to the infection### of man with cysticercus cellulose, the larva of taenia solium.|1996|1 due to the|persistent infection|hepatitis b|21951512_1|hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is mainly caused by a ###persistent infection due to the hepatitis b### or hepatitis c virus.|2011|1 due to the|protein-losing gastroenteropathy|tricuspid valve regurgitation|6493187_6|on the basis of the intracardiac catheterization and 131i-risa test, it was made to be sure that hypoproteinemia was caused by the ###protein-losing gastroenteropathy due to the tricuspid valve regurgitation### of ebstein's anomaly.|1984|1 due to the|pulmonary embolism|right atrial myxoma|17243574_0|###pulmonary embolism due to the right atrial myxoma###.|2007|1 due to the|radicular pain|disc degeneration|18211591_11|this is the main cause of spinal stenosis and ###radicular pain due to the disc degeneration### in the aged populations.|2008|1 due to the|septicemia|small intestinal infarction|12162175_0|[diagnostic image (97). a woman with ###septicemia due to the small intestinal infarction###].|2002|1 due to the|spastic diplegia|infantile cerebral paralysis|3264102_1|a retrospective analysis of electronystagmograms recorded over 2 years from 90 children aged 1 to 3 with ###spastic diplegia due to the infantile cerebral paralysis### was performed and its results correlated with the clinical course of the disease.|1988|1 due to the|steatorrhoea|stagnant loop syndrome|4716501_4|this diagnostic procedure was applied to the identification of patients with ###steatorrhoea due to the stagnant loop syndrome###, and was compared with other tests for this condition, viz, study of the small intestinal bacterial flora, urinary indican excretion, and the schilling test with added intrinsic factor.|1973|1 due to the|steatorrhoea|stagnant loop syndrome|4716501_5|three groups of subjects were studied; group i consisted of nine patients with ###steatorrhoea due to the stagnant loop syndrome###; group ii (disease control group) of six patients with an anatomical stagnant loop that was not causing steatorrhoea; and group iii (normal control group) of 11 subjects with no known gastrointestinal disease.|1973|1 due to the|steatorrhoea|stagnant loop syndrome|4718317_1|the postprandial concentrations of free and conjugated bile acids were measured in total content and micellar phase of jejunal aspirates from nine patients with ###steatorrhoea due to the stagnant loop syndrome### and from 11 normal controls.|1973|1 due to the|stenosis|thyroid nodule|18018564_5|neck x-ray can detect presence or absence of calcification and tracheal shift or ###stenosis due to the thyroid nodule###.|2007|1 due to the|tension hydrothorax|herniation|8572411_3|three days after surgery, the patient was readmitted for a ###tension hydrothorax due to the herniation### and the perforation of the stomach into the left pleural cavity.|1996|1 due to the|vascular dementia|microangiopathy|20189499_1|alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent and common form of cognitive impairment, ie, dementia, in the elderly followed in second place by ###vascular dementia due to the microangiopathy### associated with poorly-controlled hypertension.|2010|1 due to|acute necrotizing pancreatitis|mycoplasma pneumonia|18956223_1|a case of ###acute necrotizing pancreatitis due to mycoplasma pneumonia###e infection was treated in an 8-year-old girl.|2009|1 due to|anaemia|poor nutrition|14714737_7|a few dogs (n = 55, 2.6%) had ###anaemia due to poor nutrition###, while 68 (3.2%) had anaemia with unknown cause.|2004|1 due to|aortic regurgitation|annuloaortic ectasia|3418987_2|she had had an emergency operation that included aortic valve replacement because of congestive heart failure secondary to ###aortic regurgitation due to annuloaortic ectasia### complicated by aortitis syndrome.|1988|1 due to|arthritis|alphavirus infections|17470914_0|the molecular and cellular aspects of ###arthritis due to alphavirus infections###: lesson learned from ross river virus.|2007|1 due to|bacteremia|escherichia|12061691_0|aortocaval fistula complicated with ###bacteremia due to escherichia### coli: report of a case.|2002|0.5 due to|budd-chiari syndrome|hepatic vein obstruction|12063996_6|these cases show that the radiological diagnosis of ###budd-chiari syndrome due to hepatic vein obstruction### can be false positive and that suspected hepatic vein occlusion on doppler-ultrasound should be confirmed by angiographic studies and on liver histology.|2002|1 due to|cardiomyopathy|cardiac amyloidosis|20396476_5|###cardiomyopathy due to cardiac amyloidosis### should be recognized as one of the causes of cardioembolic infarction.|2010|1 due to|cerebral infarction|cerebral vasospasm|7847132_9|the patients with ###cerebral infarction due to cerebral vasospasm### had apls more frequently than the control volunteers.|1995|1 due to|chest pain|pulmonary metastases|19732391_4|the patient was admitted with ###chest pain due to pulmonary metastases### 45 years after the initial diagnosis.|2009|1 due to|chronic heart failure|dilated cardiomyopathy|9643742_0|randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of human recombinant growth hormone in patients with ###chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy###.|1998|1 due to|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|10079883_1|aim : the results of the neonatal screening of ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency### by 17-hydroxyprogesterone measurement from blood spot on blotting-paper in 408,138 newborns in the french nord-pas-de-calais region from 1980 to 1996 are reported.|1999|1 due to|dysphagia|esophageal carcinoma|12731432_2|rigid plastic stents have initially been used for the treatment of ###dysphagia due to esophageal carcinoma###.|2003|1 due to|endocarditis|chronic q fever|9502456_6|most reports of renal complications of c. burnetii infection describe glomerulonephritis associated with ###endocarditis due to chronic q fever###.|1998|1 due to|extrinsic ureteral obstruction|colon carcinoma|16327298_2|we report using ipsilateral two ureteral dj stents in the same ureter in a patient with ###extrinsic ureteral obstruction due to colon carcinoma###.|2005|1 due to|facial palsy|lyme borreliosis|3171237_0|cultivation of borrelia burgdorferi from joint fluid three months after treatment of ###facial palsy due to lyme borreliosis###.|1988|1 due to|foot-drop|charcot-marie-tooth disease|1593177_3|the case was a 16-year-old man, in whom preoperative examination of his ###foot-drop due to charcot-marie-tooth disease### pointed out an abnormal chest shadow.|1992|1 due to|fulminant hepatic failure|acute hepatitis b|2058635_0|###fulminant hepatic failure due to acute hepatitis b### and delta co-infection: probable bloodborne transmission associated with a spring-loaded fingerstick device.|1991|1 due to|genital infection|chlamydia trachomatis|7803644_0|clinical manifestations of ###genital infection due to chlamydia trachomatis### in women: differences related to serovar.|1995|1 due to|hematomyelia|anterior spinal artery aneurysm|20739828_0|###hematomyelia due to anterior spinal artery aneurysm### in a patient with coarctation of aorta.|2010|1 due to|hemorrhage|varicose vein|16273630_5|the aforementioned three factors interact in the pathogenesis of hepatic cirrhosis-induced portal hypertension and are involved in ###hemorrhage due to varicose vein### rupture.|2005|0 due to|hoarseness|unilateral vocal cord paralysis|5642376_0|surgery for ###hoarseness due to unilateral vocal cord paralysis###.|1968|1 due to|hydrocephalus|stenosis|1897575_2|we report on an 8-year-old boy of consanguineous arab parents with inverted facial expression upon laughing and renal changes as a consequence of a neurogenic bladder in addition to ###hydrocephalus due to stenosis### of the aqueduct of sylvius.|1991|0.5 due to|hyperglycemia|impaired insulin secretion|14519599_1|pancreatic beta-cell-restricted knockout of the insulin receptor results in ###hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion###, suggesting that this cell is an important target of insulin action.|2003|1 due to|hyperthyroidism|graves' disease|1732393_1|radioiodine therapy is often employed for treatment of patients with relapse of ###hyperthyroidism due to graves' disease###, after previous thyroid surgery.|1992|1 due to|hyperthyroidism|toxic adenoma|9187540_3|seventy-two patients were studied: 28 patients with gd, 20 with silent thyroiditis (st), 12 with hashimoto's disease (hd), and 12 subjects affected by ###hyperthyroidism due to toxic adenoma### (ta).|1997|1 due to|infection|immunodeficiency|1774490_8|he was treated with calcium gluconate and alfacalcidol, but no serious ###infection due to immunodeficiency### was seen after operation.|1992|1 due to|infectious disease|hepatitis b|6345272_1|in ophthalmology not too much attention is given to ###infectious disease due to hepatitis b### virus.|1983|1 due to|intermittent claudication|peripheral arterial occlusive disease|20645250_6|###intermittent claudication due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease### was found in 35 cases (43.8%).|2010|1 due to|intermittent claudication|peripheral vascular disease|18209897_1|cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase type iii inhibitor, has vasodilatory, antiplatelet, and antithrombotic actions, as well as being the first-choice drug for the ###intermittent claudication due to peripheral vascular disease###.|2008|1 due to|intestinal obstruction|meckel's diverticulum|13055495_0|[three cases of ###intestinal obstruction due to meckel's diverticulum###].|1953|1 due to|intestinal obstruction|recurrent ovarian cancer|20364762_2|this study was done to see the outcome of palliative surgery for ###intestinal obstruction due to recurrent ovarian cancer###.|2010|1 due to|intussusception|meckel's diverticulum|20782183_0|###intussusception due to meckel's diverticulum###.|2011|1 due to|itching|infection|14519034_2|case summary : a 44-year-old man developed generalized erythroderma and ###itching due to infection### with human t-cell lymphotropic virus.|2003|0.5 due to|jaundice|biliary obstruction|8533234_4|two of the 16 dogs had ###jaundice due to biliary obstruction### by the primary tumour or metastases.|1996|1 due to|meningitis|haemophilus influenzae|5725031_0|[scale for prognostic scoring in cases of ###meningitis due to haemophilus influenzae###].|1969|1 due to|neonatal jaundice|cytomegalic inclusion disease|14074424_0|pattern of serum transaminase activity in ###neonatal jaundice due to cytomegalic inclusion disease### and toxoplasmosis with hepatic involvement.|1964|1 due to|nephrotic syndrome|membranous glomerulonephritis|11424717_1|we describe a case of small-cell lung cancer limited to the thorax but with malignant pleural effusion in a 47-year-old man that was revealed by a ###nephrotic syndrome due to membranous glomerulonephritis### (mgn).|2001|1 due to|obstructive jaundice|duodenal tumor|22202278_5|in 2010, he was diagnosed as ###obstructive jaundice due to duodenal tumor### revealed by ct.|2011|1 due to|osteomalacia|phosphate diabetes|3938556_4|the physiopathological mechanism of ###osteomalacia due to phosphate diabetes### in mesenchymal diseases generally and in recklinghausen's disease in particular is discussed.|1986|1 due to|osteoporosis|testicular atrophy|9359926_0|###osteoporosis due to testicular atrophy### in male leprosy patients.|1997|1 due to|peritonitis|mycobacterium avium complex|18955006_0|###peritonitis due to mycobacterium avium complex### in patients with aids: report of five cases and review of the literature.|2009|1 due to|primary aldosteronism|adenoma|858175_2|five patients with ###primary aldosteronism due to adenoma### were followed during spironolactone treatment, for 35-55 days after the drug had been stopped, and finally, after surgery.|1977|1 due to|protein-losing enteropathy|gastrointestinal amyloidosis|11072606_4|###protein-losing enteropathy due to gastrointestinal amyloidosis### was diagnosed with 99mtc-human albumin scintigraphy, fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin clearance and colonoscopic biopsy with congo red staining.|2001|1 due to|proteinuria|glomerulonephritis|8163929_10|this fact was accompanied by the development of ###proteinuria due to glomerulonephritis### mediated by immunocomplexes.|1994|1 due to|renal failure|obstructive nephropathy|6838293_1|three patients had ###renal failure due to obstructive nephropathy### associated with processes that prevented dilatation of the collecting systems.|1983|1 due to|secondary amyloidosis|bronchiectasis|12472203_10|###secondary amyloidosis due to bronchiectasis### and recurrent pulmonary infection was identified in 40% (16 patients) of the 40 patients.|2002|1 due to|septicemia|mycoplasma|6844881_0|###septicemia due to mycoplasma### hominis.|1983|0.5 due to|steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome|minimal change nephropathy|3330582_0|###steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change nephropathy### occurring while on captopril.|1988|1 due to|stridor|rheumatoid arthritis|925498_1|a case of ###stridor due to rheumatoid arthritis### of the cricoarytenoid joints is presented, with special emphasis on a new line of treatment by local intra-articular steroid injection.|1978|0.5 due to|vision loss|retinitis pigmentosa|21940737_1|background : recessive mutant alleles of myo7a, ush1c, cdh23, and pcdh15 cause non-syndromic deafness or type 1 usher syndrome (ush1) characterised by deafness, vestibular areflexia, and ###vision loss due to retinitis pigmentosa###.|2011|1 induced by|alveolar bone loss|oral infection|10338484_1|in this study, we used a mouse model to examine the role of the adaptive immune response in ###alveolar bone loss induced by oral infection### with the human gram-negative anaerobic bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis.|1999|1 induced by|anaphylaxis|echinococcus granulosus|12567730_1|objective : to observe the ###anaphylaxis induced by echinococcus granulosus### or e. multilocularis (e. g. and e. m.) infection in meriones unguiculatus.|2003|1 induced by|anisometropia|retinal detachment|10693622_0|photorefractive keratectomy for visual rehabilitation of ###anisometropia induced by retinal detachment### surgery.|2000|0 induced by|appendiceal intussusception|tubulovillous adenoma|10819482_2|we report herein a case of ###appendiceal intussusception induced by tubulovillous adenoma### with carcinoma in situ.|2000|1 induced by|brain edema|ischemia|2354833_7|it is concluded that dilazep possesses the ability to prevent the appearances of neurological symptoms and ###brain edema induced by ischemia### and reperfusion.|1990|1 induced by|brain tumors|rous sarcoma|4348226_0|###brain tumors induced by rous sarcoma### virus, schmidt-ruppin strain. 3. morphology of brain tumors induced in adult mice.|1973|0.5 induced by|cardiac disease|iron overload|4000198_7|these data demonstrate that compliance with treatment with deferoxamine may protect patients from ###cardiac disease induced by iron overload###.|1985|1 induced by|cardiac tamponade|gastric cancer|19755833_0|[a case of ###cardiac tamponade induced by gastric cancer### responding to s-1].|2009|1 induced by|cardiac tamponade|gastric cancer|19755833_7|we report this rare case of ###cardiac tamponade induced by gastric cancer### responding to s-1 with a review of the literature.|2009|1 induced by|cardiomegaly|chronic anemia|123972_11|these findings provide a structural basis for the functional and biochemical cardiac deterioration observed in the ###cardiomegaly induced by chronic anemia###.|1975|1 induced by|cardiomyopathy|chronic copper deficiency|6638205_0|physiological and metabolic characterization of a ###cardiomyopathy induced by chronic copper deficiency###.|1983|1 induced by|cardiomyopathy|inappropriate sinus tachycardia|19572874_0|a case of ###cardiomyopathy induced by inappropriate sinus tachycardia### and cured by ivabradine.|2009|1 induced by|cardiomyopathy|inappropriate sinus tachycardia|19572874_1|we present the case of a 67-year-old woman with ###cardiomyopathy induced by inappropriate sinus tachycardia### (ist) and a particularly high average heart rate.|2009|1 induced by|cerebral vasospasms|subarachnoid hemorrhage|2126914_1|nicardipine, a calcium channel antagonist derivative of dihydropyridine, is a cerebral vasodilatator used in the treatment of ###cerebral vasospasms induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage### after rupture of intracranial aneurysm.|1991|1 induced by|chronic lyme disease|persistent infection|19072179_1|lyme disease is a controversial illness, and the existence of ###chronic lyme disease induced by persistent infection### with the lyme spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, is the subject of continued debate.|2008|1 induced by|congestive heart failure|viral myocarditis|9741531_0|denopamine, a beta1-adrenergic agonist, prolongs survival in a murine model of ###congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis###: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in the heart.|1998|1 induced by|craniofacial deformities|fibrous dysplasia|17167669_5|dystopias and ###craniofacial deformities induced by fibrous dysplasia### also were corrected.|2006|1 induced by|diarrhoea|escherichia|10868550_0|studies on the mechanism of ###diarrhoea induced by escherichia### coli heat-stable enterotoxin (sta) in newborn calves.|2000|0.5 induced by|dysuria|benign prostatic hyperplasia|18972723_0|[observation on therapeutic effects of elongated needle therapy on ###dysuria induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia###].|2008|1 induced by|facial nerve paralysis|herpes simplex|12589842_0|effects of acyclovir on ###facial nerve paralysis induced by herpes simplex### virus type 1 in mice.|2003|1 induced by|hepatic fibrosis|schistosoma japonicum infection|22164494_10|conclusions : the effects of paeoniflorin on ###hepatic fibrosis induced by schistosoma japonicum infection### depends on its dosage.|2011|1 induced by|hepatic metastases|colon cancer|10841829_6|in this study, we investigated the effects of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy delivering both il-12 and 4-1bbl genes on mice with ###hepatic metastases induced by colon cancer### cells.|2000|0 induced by|hyperinsulinemia|canine distemper|3224507_0|###hyperinsulinemia induced by canine distemper### virus infection of mice and its correlation with the appearance of obesity.|1989|0 induced by|hypertension|water stress|15015751_6|the activation of synthesis of nitric oxide shows its implication in the regulation of the water balance and its buffer effect on vasoconstriction and ###hypertension induced by water stress###.|2004|1 induced by|hyperthyroidism|graves' disease|21058888_2|in this case report, we demonstrated that traditional chinese medicine (tcm) was effective for the patient with ###hyperthyroidism induced by graves' disease###.|2010|1 induced by|hypothyroidism|iodine deficiency|20054663_3|###hypothyroidism induced by iodine deficiency### during gestation and postnatal period leads to cognitive deficits in learning and memory.|2010|1 induced by|immunosuppression|measles|19031706_1|objective : to investigate of the relationship of the ###immunosuppression induced by measles### virus in adult patients and cd4+ cd25+ regulatory t cell.|2008|1 induced by|infertility|e. coli infection|20369561_9|qingli shengjing pills, capable of enhancing reproductivity by reducing the expressions of fas and fasl and apoptosis of germ cells, can be used as one of the effective drugs for ###infertility induced by e. coli infection###.|2010|1 induced by|jaundice|intravascular hemolysis|8673796_6|clinically, babesial infections appeared suddenly with a non periodic high fever, shaking chills, sweat, headache, myalgia and ###jaundice induced by intravascular hemolysis###.|1996|1 induced by|leukemia|sarcoma 180|14050767_0|###leukemia induced by sarcoma 180### and the development of reciprocal immunity.|1964|1 induced by|lichen planus|hepatitis b|15304176_0|###lichen planus induced by hepatitis b### vaccination: a new case and review of the literature.|2004|0 induced by|lipoma|pigmented villonodular synovitis|10359296_0|###lipoma induced by pigmented villonodular synovitis### of the ankle.|1999|0.5 induced by|lymphocytosis|pertussis|8088866_0|studies on the ###lymphocytosis induced by pertussis### toxin.|1994|0.5 induced by|muscle atrophy|parkinson's disease|22310868_0|effect of dhea on recovery of ###muscle atrophy induced by parkinson's disease###.|2012|1 induced by|nephrotic syndrome|idiopathic membranous nephropathy|15571191_0|acth therapy in ###nephrotic syndrome induced by idiopathic membranous nephropathy###.|2004|1 induced by|neurogenic bladder|brain abscess|7663933_0|###neurogenic bladder induced by brain abscess###.|1995|1 induced by|peritoneal carcinomatosis|colon cancer|8166930_0|liposomal mitoxantrone for the local treatment of ###peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by colon cancer### cells in mice.|1994|0 induced by|peritoneal fibrosis|gastric cancer|8760601_2|we have previously reported that ###peritoneal fibrosis induced by gastric cancer### cells prior to metastatization may provide a congenial environment for peritoneal metastases.|1996|0 induced by|photoreceptor degeneration|phototoxicity|15505072_11|conclusions : intravitreal hgf led to the morphologic and physiological preservation of photoreceptors in rats with ###photoreceptor degeneration induced by phototoxicity### or a gene mutation.|2004|1 induced by|portal hypertension|liver cirrhosis|12811373_2|material and methods : the immediate and long-term results of angiographic studies and endovascular interventions are analyzed in 329 patients with ###portal hypertension induced by liver cirrhosis###.|2003|1 induced by|psoriasis|tumor necrosis|17013997_0|###psoriasis induced by tumor necrosis### factor-alpha antagonist therapy: a case series.|2007|0 induced by|reactive arthritis|yersinia enterocolitica infection|3493220_0|development of an experimental animal model for ###reactive arthritis induced by yersinia enterocolitica infection###.|1987|1 induced by|reflex bradycardia|high blood pressure|2735428_4|the sensitivity (slope) of the arterial baroreflex, as well as the ###reflex bradycardia induced by high blood pressure###, increased significantly during avp and returned to the control level after manning compound.|1989|1 induced by|renal failure|spontaneous bacterial peritonitis|21941414_4|indications in hepatology included prevention of post-paracentesis circulatory dysfunction and ###renal failure induced by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis###, and treatment of hepatorenal syndrome and refractory ascites.|2011|1 induced by|renal hypertrophy|diabetes|8450061_2|we therefore studied whether the ###renal hypertrophy induced by diabetes### was associated with enhanced synthesis of glycosphingolipids.|1993|1 induced by|seizures|fever|11905016_9|3) if the cases with single seizure and/or the cases with ###seizures induced by fever### are excluded, the prevalence rate decreased to 5.5 per 1,000.|2002|1 induced by|sepsis|fecal peritonitis|21375544_5|###sepsis induced by fecal peritonitis### continued for 22 h. hemofiltration was applied for the last 10 h. hemodynamic and inflammatory parameters (heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-ϱ, interleukin-6, and npy) were measured before and at 12 and 22 h of peritonitis.|2011|1 induced by|severe sepsis|graft pancreatitis|16504724_0|use of drotrecogin alpha (recombinant human activated protein c, rhapc) in the treatment of ###severe sepsis induced by graft pancreatitis### after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation: a case report.|2006|1 induced by|thyrotoxicosis|choriocarcinoma|8395487_0|###thyrotoxicosis induced by choriocarcinoma### a report of two cases.|1993|1 induced by|wernicke's encephalopathy|hyperemesis gravidarum|8033946_1|the case of an 18-year-old woman with ###wernicke's encephalopathy induced by hyperemesis gravidarum### is reported.|1994|1 is a common complication of|acute sinusitis|upper respiratory tract infections|1617040_1|###acute sinusitis is a common complication of upper respiratory tract infections### in children.|1992|1 is a common complication of|anemia|autonomic failure|8520216_1|###anemia is a common complication of autonomic failure### and reduced red blood cell mass may contribute to the orthostatic hypotension of these patients.|1996|1 is a common complication of|anemia|chronic renal failure|9988140_1|###anemia is a common complication of chronic renal failure### (crf).|1999|1 is a common complication of|anorexia|liver disease|9057488_5|###anorexia is a common complication of liver disease### and clinicians must take the necessary actions to ensure adequate energy and nutrient intake.|1997|1 is a common complication of|autonomic neuropathy|diabetes mellitus|8774261_2|###autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus### and is a major risk factor for sudden death.|1996|1 is a common complication of|bronchopneumonia|measles|1505392_5|even though ###bronchopneumonia is a common complication of measles### which occurs frequently in calabar, only 3 children (6.25%) also had measles.|1992|1 is a common complication of|carcinoid heart disease|carcinoid syndrome|18468735_2|###carcinoid heart disease is a common complication of carcinoid syndrome### associated with poor prognosis.|2008|1 is a common complication of|delirium|dementia|9894735_1|###delirium is a common complication of dementia### and may produce considerable morbidity.|1999|1 is a common complication of|dementia|parkinson's disease|16161159_1|###dementia is a common complication of parkinson's disease### (pd), but the cause is incompletely understood.|2006|1 is a common complication of|dementia|parkinson's disease|17918232_1|###dementia is a common complication of parkinson's disease### (pd).|2008|1 is a common complication of|depression|schizophrenia|3053027_1|###depression is a common complication of schizophrenia### and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.|1988|1 is a common complication of|diabetes|cystic fibrosis|10570740_1|###diabetes is a common complication of cystic fibrosis###.|1999|1 is a common complication of|diabetic neuropathy|diabetes mellitus|13679399_1|###diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus### patients.|2004|1 is a common complication of|diabetic neuropathy|diabetes|3293949_1|###diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes### that may be associated both with considerable morbidity (painful polyneuropathy, neuropathic ulceration) and mortality (autonomic neuropathy).|1988|1 is a common complication of|end-stage renal failure|diabetes mellitus|3048860_1|nephropathy progressing to ###end-stage renal failure is a common complication of diabetes mellitus###.|1988|1 is a common complication of|hemorrhage|peptic ulcer disease|2072798_1|###hemorrhage is a common complication of peptic ulcer disease### and is increased in frequency and severity with aspirin and nsaid use.|1991|1 is a common complication of|hepatorenal syndrome|advanced cirrhosis|14696397_6|###hepatorenal syndrome is a common complication of advanced cirrhosis### with a 3-month mortality of more than 90% unless treated by orthotopic liver transplantation.|2003|1 is a common complication of|hepatorenal syndrome|advanced cirrhosis|15974232_1|###hepatorenal syndrome is a common complication of advanced cirrhosis###, characterized by renal failure and major disturbances in circulatory function.|2005|1 is a common complication of|hydrocephalus|tuberculous meningitis|11360374_1|###hydrocephalus is a common complication of tuberculous meningitis### (tbm) in children.|2001|1 is a common complication of|hydrocephalus|tuberculous meningitis|16783458_3|###hydrocephalus is a common complication of tuberculous meningitis###, which has a high prevalence in taiwan.|2006|1 is a common complication of|hypercarbia|respiratory failure|9435568_1|###hypercarbia is a common complication of respiratory failure###, and the technique of "permissive hypercapnia" is used to ventilate individuals with increased peak airway pressures on mechanical ventilators, resulting in elevated arterial pco2.|1998|1 is a common complication of|hyperparathyroid bone disease|end stage renal failure|2132193_1|###hyperparathyroid bone disease is a common complication of end stage renal failure###, particularly in patients on maintenance haemodialysis.|1992|1 is a common complication of|hyperparathyroidism|chronic renal failure|2403330_1|###hyperparathyroidism is a common complication of chronic renal failure###.|1990|1 is a common complication of|hypertension|type 2 diabetes mellitus|20380878_1|###hypertension is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus### (t2dm), and is the main cause for t2dm-associated mortality.|2010|1 is a common complication of|iridocyclitis|juvenile rheumatoid arthritis|3327056_1|###iridocyclitis is a common complication of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis###.|1988|1 is a common complication of|laryngeal tuberculosis|pulmonary tuberculosis|2036266_1|it is suggested that ###laryngeal tuberculosis is a common complication of pulmonary tuberculosis###.|1991|1 is a common complication of|liver fibrosis|chronic hepatitis b|21095512_1|###liver fibrosis is a common complication of chronic hepatitis b### leading to the progressive destruction of normal tissue architecture or the replacement of hepatocytic tissue with fibrous tissue.|2010|1 is a common complication of|meconium ileus equivalent|cystic fibrosis|2229547_1|###meconium ileus equivalent is a common complication of cystic fibrosis### in the postneonatal period.|1990|1 is a common complication of|osteoporosis|anorexia nervosa|12686368_1|###osteoporosis is a common complication of anorexia nervosa### (an).|2003|1 is a common complication of|painful diabetic neuropathy|diabetes mellitus|22271663_1|###painful diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus### and can affect many aspects of life and severely limit patients' daily functions.|2012|1 is a common complication of|peptic esophagitis|gastroesophageal reflux|2735338_1|###peptic esophagitis is a common complication of gastroesophageal reflux###.|1989|1 is a common complication of|pericardial effusion|chronic renal failure|2108635_4|###pericardial effusion is a common complication of chronic renal failure### and has been reported in over 62 per cent of patients in echocardiographic studies.|1990|1 is a common complication of|peripheral neuropathy|diabetes|16304921_1|###peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes### and may lead to ulcers, often resulting in amputations.|2005|1 is a common complication of|peripheral neuropathy|diabetes|19602580_1|###peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes### that leads to severe morbidity.|2009|1 is a common complication of|pleural disease|lymphangioleiomyomatosis|16716823_1|###pleural disease is a common complication of lymphangioleiomyomatosis### (lam).|2006|1 is a common complication of|priapism|sickle cell anemia|10962334_1|###priapism is a common complication of sickle cell anemia###.|2000|1 is a common complication of|priapism|sickle cell disease|12181066_1|###priapism is a common complication of sickle cell disease### (scd) that could lead to erectile dysfunction and psychosocial problems.|2002|1 is a common complication of|protein-energy malnutrition|liver cirrhosis|8599326_9|the study shows that ###protein-energy malnutrition is a common complication of liver cirrhosis###.|1996|1 is a common complication of|pulmonary hypertension|beta-thalassemia|16680745_1|###pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of beta-thalassemia### major.|2006|1 is a common complication of|pulmonary hypertension|sickle cell disease|17724704_1|###pulmonary hypertension is a common complication of sickle cell disease### (scd) and a risk factor for early death.|2008|1 is a common complication of|renal failure|multiple myeloma|7699909_1|###renal failure is a common complication of multiple myeloma###, because the kidney is a major target organ for the deposition of paraproteins such as bence jones protein (bjp), light chain fragment of monoclonal immunoglobulins, secreted by plasmacytoma.|1995|1 is a common complication of|renal impairment|multiple myeloma|10414944_1|###renal impairment is a common complication of multiple myeloma### occuring in 50% of patients at some stage in their disease.|1999|1 is a common complication of|renal osteodystrophy|chronic renal failure|12826157_1|###renal osteodystrophy is a common complication of chronic renal failure### and renal replacement therapy.|2003|1 is a common complication of|secondary hyperparathyroidism|chronic renal failure|21556715_1|###secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common complication of chronic renal failure###.|2011|1 is a common complication of|sinusitis|allergic rhinitis|3057048_2|###sinusitis is a common complication of allergic rhinitis###, which can lead to inflammation of the sinus mucosa, obstruction of the sinus opening or ostium, and generally favorable conditions for bacterial growth.|1989|1 is a common complication of|stroke|sickle cell disease|3098068_1|###stroke is a common complication of sickle cell disease###.|1987|1 is a common complication of|thyrotoxic periodic paralysis|hyperthyroidism|19918467_2|###thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a common complication of hyperthyroidism### in asian populations, but can affect other ethnic groups as well.|2009|1 is a common complication of|uremic lung|end-stage renal failure|19829683_9|###uremic lung is a common complication of end-stage renal failure###.|2009|1 is a common complication of|uveitis|juvenile idiopathic arthritis|18682965_7|###uveitis is a common complication of juvenile idiopathic arthritis### depending on the subtype of arthritis.|2008|1 is a common complication of|wasting syndrome|hiv infection|19906780_1|###wasting syndrome is a common complication of hiv infection### and is marked by progressive weight loss and weakness, often associated with fever.|2010|1 is caused by|acromegaly|gh-secreting pituitary adenomas|3319599_1|###acromegaly is caused by gh-secreting pituitary adenomas### and, in rare cases, by ectopic production of grh with resultant hypersecretion of gh.|1988|1 is caused by|adiaspiromycosis|pulmonary infection|22474477_1|###adiaspiromycosis is caused by pulmonary infection### with emmonsia.|2012|1 is caused by|anthrax|infection|18289054_1|###anthrax is caused by infection### with bacillus anthracis, a spore forming, rod-shaped, encapsulated gram positive bacteria.|2008|0.5 is caused by|arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy|giant cell arteritis|14552190_3|###arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy is caused by giant cell arteritis### (gca).|2003|1 is caused by|bronchial hyperreactivity|viral infections|6769154_4|###bronchial hyperreactivity is caused by viral infections###, late allergic reactions, irritating chemicals such as so2, betablockers, alphastimulants and increased vagal efferent activity.|1980|1 is caused by|cervical cancer|infection|14648697_1|###cervical cancer is caused by infection### with a range of high risk "oncogenic" human papillomavirus (hpv) types, and it is now accepted that >99% of cervical cancer is initiated by hpv infection.|2003|1 is caused by|cervical cancer|infection|17289220_3|approximately 70% of ###cervical cancer is caused by infection### with hpv types 16 and 18 and approximately 90% of genital warts are caused by hpv types 6 and 11.|2007|0.5 is caused by|cervical cancer|persistent infection|19256750_1|###cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection###s through high risk (hr) types of human hpvs, particularly hpv 16 and 18.|2009|1 is caused by|cervical spondylosis|degenerative disc disease|8855684_1|###cervical spondylosis is caused by degenerative disc disease### and usually produces intermittent neck pain in middle-aged and elderly patients.|1996|1 is caused by|chagas disease|infection|22291940_1|###chagas disease is caused by infection### with the intracellular protozoan parasite trypanosoma cruzi.|2012|0.5 is caused by|chagas' disease|infection|9232423_1|###chagas' disease is caused by infection### with trypanosoma cruzi.|1997|0.5 is caused by|depression|delta infection|2984329_9|when hbsag, receptors, and hbsag/igm are at low levels, no further ###depression is caused by delta infection###.|1985|1 is caused by|diabetic foot|microangiopathy|16306442_1|###diabetic foot is caused by microangiopathy### and is suggested to be a result of impaired angiogenesis.|2006|1 is caused by|duodenal ulcer disease|h pylori infection|8707109_11|these results are compatible with a hypothesis that acid hypersecretion in ###duodenal ulcer disease is caused by h pylori infection###.|1996|1 is caused by|dyspnea|pulmonary disease|14586510_8|normal bnp levels are found, if ###dyspnea is caused by pulmonary disease###, pathologic bnp values are typical of a cardiac disorder.|2003|1 is caused by|equine laminitis|thrombosis|8067606_1|the hypothesis that ###equine laminitis is caused by thrombosis### of vessels in the laminar corium (dermis) was investigated.|1994|0.5 is caused by|fowl cholera|pasteurella multocida|14742575_1|###fowl cholera is caused by pasteurella multocida### serovars a:1, a:3, and a:4.|2004|1 is caused by|giardiasis|malabsorption|1634068_8|the results indicate that the diarrhea associated with ###giardiasis is caused by malabsorption### rather than active secretion.|1992|1 is caused by|hemobartonellosis|mycoplasma|15510683_1|###hemobartonellosis is caused by mycoplasma### haemofelis, previously known as haemobartonella felis.|2004|1 is caused by|hepatitis delta|infection|20460901_1|###hepatitis delta is caused by infection### with the hepatitis d virus (hdv) and is considered to be the most severe form of viral hepatitis in humans.|2010|0.5 is caused by|hepatitis d|infection|20051970_1|###hepatitis d is caused by infection### with the hepatitis d virus (hdv) and is considered to be the most severe form of viral hepatitis in humans.|2010|0.5 is caused by|hydatid disease|echinococcus granulosus|11500768_1|###hydatid disease is caused by echinococcus granulosus###.|2001|1 is caused by|infertility|female reproductive problem|9573714_3|in 35% of cases, the ###infertility is caused by female reproductive problem###s, in 35% by male reproductive problems, in 15% by multiple factors and in 15% the cause is unknown.|1998|1 is caused by|ischemia|peripheral arterial disease|19543189_7|###ischemia is caused by peripheral arterial disease###, not by microangiopathy.|2009|1 is caused by|ischemic colitis|anoxia|9378801_1|###ischemic colitis is caused by anoxia### of the colonic and rectal wall due to defective regional blood supply.|1997|0.5 is caused by|leishmaniasis|infection|17700207_1|###leishmaniasis is caused by infection### with the hemoparasite leishmania.|2007|0.5 is caused by|lower urinary tract symptoms|nocturnal polyuria|8808857_4|conclusions : nocturia in a large proportion of elderly men with ###lower urinary tract symptoms is caused by nocturnal polyuria### and natriuresis.|1996|1 is caused by|lymphocytosis|chronic infection|6738520_4|###lymphocytosis is caused by chronic infection###s and allergic reactions, while lymphopenia is caused by increased lymphocyte destruction, neoplasia and lymphocyte loss.|1984|1 is caused by|malaria|hemolytic anemia|20100860_2|while recent animal studies on this subject are lacking, early work suggests that an increased risk for developing systemic nts infection during ###malaria is caused by hemolytic anemia###, which leads to reduced macrophage microbicidal activity.|2010|1 is caused by|malaria|infection|19343212_1|###malaria is caused by infection### with intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus plasmodium that are transmitted by anopheles mosquitoes.|2009|0.5 is caused by|migraine aura|cerebral vasospasm|8752389_2|however, the question of whether the reduction of rcbf during ###migraine aura is caused by cerebral vasospasm### or is secondary to the neural depression (spreading depression) is still disputed.|1996|1 is caused by|mucocutaneous leishmaniasis|infections|21311023_1|###mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by infections### with intracellular parasites of the leishmania viannia subgenus, including leishmania guyanensis.|2011|0.5 is caused by|myiasis|infestation|12887880_1|###myiasis is caused by infestation### of the skin by the larvae of flies.|2003|0.5 is caused by|neurocysticercosis|taenia solium infection|19025499_1|###neurocysticercosis is caused by taenia solium infection### of the brain.|2008|1 is caused by|neurogenic dysphagia|central nervous system disorders|9392023_2|###neurogenic dysphagia is caused by central nervous system disorders### or by cranial nerve involvement and it may be distinguished from muscular dysphagia such as that seen mostly in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (opmd).|1998|1 is caused by|nocturia|nocturnal polyuria|16083452_5|###nocturia is caused by nocturnal polyuria###, reduced voided volumes, or a combination of the two.|2005|1 is caused by|old world cutaneous leishmaniasis|infection|18605790_1|###old world cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by infection### with leishmania major and leishmania tropica.|2008|0.5 is caused by|onchocerciasis|infection|12434484_4|###onchocerciasis is caused by infection### with the filarial parasite o volvulus, and occurs in endemic areas along rivers and streams.|2002|0.5 is caused by|onychomycosis|infection|11475469_1|###onychomycosis is caused by infection### by fungi, mainly dermatophytes and nondermatophyte yeasts or moulds; it affects the fingernails and, more frequently, the toenails.|2001|0.5 is caused by|osteomalacia|vitamin d deficiency|7073232_5|###osteomalacia is caused by vitamin d deficiency###, a lack of dihydroxylated vitamin d metabolites and aluminium intoxication.|1982|1 is caused by|paget's disease|infection|6619722_4|overall, the findings were consistent with the hypothesis that ###paget's disease is caused by infection### with a common and widespread virus superimposed on genetic variation for susceptibility and perhaps severity of the disease.|1983|1 is caused by|psittacosis|chlamydia|10028357_6|###psittacosis is caused by chlamydia### psittaci and is acquired after inhalation of dry secreta or excreta from infected animals.|1999|0.5 is caused by|ramsay hunt syndrome|varicella zoster|10774214_2|###ramsay hunt syndrome is caused by varicella zoster### virus (vzv) infection, and can be diagnosed by facial nerve paralysis associated with herpetic eruption on the pinna, and complication of by vestibulo-cochlear dysfunction.|2000|1 is caused by|schistosomiasis|infection|16216544_1|###schistosomiasis is caused by infection### with schistosoma haematobium, s. mansoni, s. japonicum, or s. mekongi.|2006|0.5 is caused by|sleeping sickness|infection|15771682_1|human african trypanosomiasis or ###sleeping sickness is caused by infection### with two subspecies of the tsetse-fly-vectored haemoflagellate parasite trypanosoma brucei.|2005|0.5 is caused by|space adaptation syndrome|elevated intracranial pressure|2233420_0|###space adaptation syndrome is caused by elevated intracranial pressure###.|1990|1 is caused by|spontaneous bacterial peritonitis|infection|22166482_1|###spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is caused by infection### of ascitic fluid without any apparent intraabdominal source of infection.|2011|1 is caused by|ventricular fibrillation|coronary artery spasm|10501337_3|it is possible that ###ventricular fibrillation is caused by coronary artery spasm### during noncardiac surgery in patients without overt coronary artery disease.|1999|1 is caused by|wernicke encephalopathy|thiamine deficiency|19571457_1|###wernicke encephalopathy is caused by thiamine deficiency### in the central nervous system, and is defined by the triad of confusional symptoms, ocular alterations and ataxia.|2009|1 is caused by|wernicke's encephalopathy|thiamin deficiency|7695937_1|###wernicke's encephalopathy is caused by thiamin deficiency### and can be recognized by severe neurological symptoms that are occasionally accompanied by systemic signs.|1995|1 owing to|acute acalculous cholecystitis|salmonella sepsis|14574527_0|###acute acalculous cholecystitis owing to salmonella sepsis###.|2003|1 owing to|acute respiratory distress syndrome|disseminated coccidioidomycosis|12163812_0|adjunctive corticosteroids therapy in ###acute respiratory distress syndrome owing to disseminated coccidioidomycosis###.|2002|1 owing to|acute stroke|barth syndrome|16970891_2|we describe a case of ###acute stroke owing to barth syndrome### that required intra-arterial thrombolysis.|2006|1 owing to|ataxia|cerebellar degeneration|7874006_3|the other with a non hodgkin's lymphoma of thyroid suffered from ###ataxia owing to cerebellar degeneration###.|1995|1 owing to|bladder outlet obstruction|benign prostatic hypertrophy|77916_1|observations on urethral resistance during micturition in non-obstructed men and in patients with ###bladder outlet obstruction owing to benign prostatic hypertrophy### are presented.|1978|1 owing to|central hypothyroidism|isolated thyrotropin deficiency|17958802_0|cutis laxa associated with ###central hypothyroidism owing to isolated thyrotropin deficiency### in a newborn.|2007|1 owing to|chest pain|pneumonia|18639778_2|she experienced severe dyspnea and ###chest pain owing to pneumonia### on the fourth admission day.|2008|1 owing to|chronic renal failure|anaemia|2530565_4|considering that hb alc values are difficult to interpret in ###chronic renal failure owing to anaemia### and to the analytical problems raised by haemoglobin carbamylation, the fructosamine test may well be a reliable marker for the monitoring of diabetes in patients with chronically impaired renal function.|1989|1 owing to|chronic renal failure|nephrotic syndrome|22019952_3|despite reports of rhabdomyolysis with the use of fenofibrate alone or with statin-fibrate combinations, there have been no cases of rhabdomyolysis described when fenofibrate was used alone to treat patients with ###chronic renal failure owing to nephrotic syndrome###.|2012|1 owing to|coagulopathy|lupus anticoagulant|18503372_3|his laboratory results showed a ###coagulopathy owing to lupus anticoagulant###.|2008|1 owing to|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|11344936_0|###congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency###. growth, development, and therapeutic considerations.|2001|1 owing to|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|17452967_0|prenatal diagnosis and treatment of ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency###.|2007|1 owing to|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|7629224_2|we have determined the 21-hydroxylase genotype in 197 patients with ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency### and assessed phenotypic characteristics based on 1) genital status with respect to virilization in females, 2) acth stimulation tests to evaluate the secretion of androgens and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and 3) salt deprivation tests to precisely describe the phenotype with respect to aldosterone deficiency and salt wasting.|1995|1 owing to|congenital nephrotic syndrome|diffuse mesangial sclerosis|8182716_0|microcephaly and ###congenital nephrotic syndrome owing to diffuse mesangial sclerosis###: an autosomal recessive syndrome.|1994|1 owing to|diabetes mellitus|chronic pancreatitis|9013277_0|correlation between pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function and characteristics of pancreatic endocrine function in patients with ###diabetes mellitus owing to chronic pancreatitis###.|1997|1 owing to|dyspnea|upper airway obstruction|15915748_4|patients are frequently seen with ###dyspnea owing to upper airway obstruction###, with misdiagnosis, and tend to be overtreated with emergency intubation or tracheostomy after failed attempts at ventilation.|2005|1 owing to|early myoclonic encephalopathy|nonketotic hyperglycinemia|16551461_3|here we present the vigabatrin experience in two patients with ###early myoclonic encephalopathy owing to nonketotic hyperglycinemia### (glycine encephalopathy).|2006|1 owing to|end-stage renal disease|hemolytic uremic syndrome|14582050_4|results : among patients with ###end-stage renal disease owing to hemolytic uremic syndrome### (hus), 29.2% later had tma versus 0.8% of patients with esrd owing to other causes.|2003|1 owing to|end-stage renal failure|primary hyperoxaluria|16955107_1|patients with ###end-stage renal failure owing to primary hyperoxaluria### type 1 (ph1) receive dialysis while waiting for transplantation.|2006|0.5 owing to|epididymo-orchitis|hemophilus|3871866_2|we report the coexistence of otitis media and ###epididymo-orchitis owing to hemophilus### influenzae, type b in 2 children.|1985|0.5 owing to|female infertility|ovarian failure|9829553_4|this review summarizes several key events in female gonadogenesis and folliculogenesis in mice with specific emphasis on spontaneous or induced mutations yielding mouse models that have ###female infertility owing to ovarian failure###.|1999|1 owing to|fever|bacteremia|17356388_10|crp > or =90 mg/l was significantly associated with chemotherapy-related neutropenia and ###fever owing to bacteremia### (p=0.038).|2007|1 owing to|gait disturbance|spasticity|20829081_1|the predominant clinical feature of patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis (hsp) is ###gait disturbance owing to spasticity### and weakness of the lower limbs; the spasticity in early-onset disease (infancy or childhood) often cannot be distinguished from mild form of spastic diplegia (sd).|2011|0.5 owing to|haemorrhagic diathesis|consumptive coagulopathy|2024425_4|the lesions observed were suggestive of hypovolemic shock culminating in ###haemorrhagic diathesis owing to consumptive coagulopathy###.|1991|1 owing to|hemiparesis|brain embolism|17714638_4|he presented with ###hemiparesis owing to brain embolism### from multiple septic emboli originating from the aneurysm.|2007|1 owing to|hepatocellular carcinoma|hepatitis c|11458315_6|with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) and effective treatment and prophylaxis for opportunistic infections, a substantial portion of hiv-infected patients are living long enough to have their health compromised by hepatic failure or ###hepatocellular carcinoma owing to hepatitis c###, rather than by aids-related illness.|2001|1 owing to|hydrocephalus|stenosis|1895321_1|a stillborn female with hanhart's syndrome in association with ###hydrocephalus owing to stenosis### of the aqueduct of sylvius is presented.|1991|0.5 owing to|hypogonadism|systemic disease|20688306_1|###hypogonadism owing to systemic disease###s in prostate cancer is rare.|2010|1 owing to|infection|cryptococcus neoformans|3688826_1|a patient with a several year history of normal pressure hydrocephalus was found to have an ###infection owing to cryptococcus neoformans###.|1988|1 owing to|intestinal obstruction|colonic carcinoma|1914740_1|###intestinal obstruction owing to colonic carcinoma### is a relatively frequent cause of acute abdominal pain.|1991|1 owing to|jaundice|abo incompatibility|2027806_1|a four-day-old male neonate who underwent three exchange transfusions for ###jaundice owing to abo incompatibility### on three consecutive days is presented.|1991|1 owing to|liver cirrhosis|hepatitis c|16919014_0|bosentan treatment of portopulmonary hypertension related to ###liver cirrhosis owing to hepatitis c###.|2006|1 owing to|lower urinary tract symptoms|benign prostatic hyperplasia|18995889_0|relief by botulinum toxin of ###lower urinary tract symptoms owing to benign prostatic hyperplasia###: early and long-term results.|2008|1 owing to|neurological disorders|paralytic poliomyelitis|2481997_5|the positive effect of the expanded programme on immunization (epi) is reflected in the sharp decline in the proportion of children with ###neurological disorders owing to paralytic poliomyelitis###, from 9.2% in the period 1978-1980, to 1.55% in the present study.|1990|1 owing to|pancreatic insufficiency|chronic pancreatitis|10216811_2|aim : the purposes of this study were (a) to verify ibo frequency in patients with ###pancreatic insufficiency owing to chronic pancreatitis### and (b) to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of a non-absorbable antibiotic, rifaximin, in reducing ibo frequency and influencing the clinical picture of the disease.|1999|1 owing to|pancreatic insufficiency|chronic pancreatitis|8409575_8|like all pancreatic function tests, the indirect tests do not give a clue to etiology nor help investigators to differentiate between ###pancreatic insufficiency owing to chronic pancreatitis### and that owing to pancreatic cancer.|1993|1 owing to|peritonitis|phlegmonous gastritis|17342399_2|we report the case of a 32-week pregnant women presenting a ###peritonitis owing to phlegmonous gastritis### caused by a group a streptococcus and successfully managed by conservative surgical treatment and antibiotics.|2007|1 owing to|pleural effusion|heart failure|19252349_7|results : serum and pleural fluid nt-probnp levels were significantly elevated in patients with ###pleural effusion owing to heart failure###.|2009|1 owing to|portal hypertension|secondary biliary cirrhosis|2611730_1|the hemodynamic effects of the combination of clonidine and propranolol were studied in conscious rats with ###portal hypertension owing to secondary biliary cirrhosis###.|1990|1 owing to|primary aldosteronism|adenoma|8282132_1|in 30-40% of patients with ###primary aldosteronism owing to adenoma###, hypertension is not relieved even though a hyper-functioning adenoma has been completely removed.|1994|1 owing to|pulmonary hypertension|congenital heart disease|16919009_11|conclusions : bosentan could be an effective therapy for ###pulmonary hypertension owing to congenital heart disease### and chronic thromboembolic disease.|2006|1 owing to|pulmonary thromboembolism|renal vein thrombosis|10836304_2|five years later the patient presented with nephrotic syndrome caused by a generalized aa amyloidosis, and he subsequently died from ###pulmonary thromboembolism owing to renal vein thrombosis###.|2000|1 owing to|renal failure|ureteropelvic junction obstruction|3411656_0|results of surgical reconstruction in patients with ###renal failure owing to ureteropelvic junction obstruction###.|1988|1 owing to|respiratory failure|idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis|19026828_11|the causes of late death were the recurrence of cancer or ###respiratory failure owing to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis###.|2008|1 owing to|respiratory insufficiency|pulmonary oedema|20080165_2|inflammatory processes are major contributors to the development of ###respiratory insufficiency owing to pulmonary oedema###, formation of airway fibrin clots and hypoxaemia.|2010|1 owing to|scoliosis|duchenne muscular dystrophy|11269806_6|spinal stabilization with the isola system was found to be a suitable treatment for ###scoliosis owing to duchenne muscular dystrophy###.|2001|1 owing to|sepsis|ureteral obstruction|1255899_1|an elderly man had pyelonephritis and ###sepsis owing to ureteral obstruction###.|1976|1 owing to|septicemia|haemophilus influenzae|6965336_0|acute glossitis and ###septicemia owing to haemophilus influenzae### type b.|1980|1 owing to|tracheal stenosis|chondromalacia|18545144_4|we contrasted these 63 cases with 34 cases of ###tracheal stenosis owing to chondromalacia### (cm) after mechanical injury.|2008|1 owing to|urinary incontinence|neuropathic bladder|7082036_1|forty-nine children with ###urinary incontinence owing to neuropathic bladder### were treated by intermittent catheterisation.|1982|1 produced by|alternate hemiplegia|hernia|13315053_0|[weber type of ###alternate hemiplegia produced by hernia### of the uncus gyri hippocampi].|1956|0.5 produced by|anemia|infection|1237052_0|studies on feline haemobartonellosis. ii. the mechanism of ###anemia produced by infection### with haemobartonella felis.|1975|0.5 produced by|angina|coronary spasm|7123109_1|the authors present the role of the ergonovine test in establishing the diagnosis of the ###angina produced by coronary spasm###.|1982|1 produced by|aphasia|embolism|20746548_0|case of ###aphasia produced by embolism### of branches of the internal carotid: sequel and post mortem appearances.|2011|0.5 produced by|brown-sequard syndrome|cervical disc herniation|17279099_0|###brown-sequard syndrome produced by cervical disc herniation### with complete neurologic recovery: report of three cases and review of the literature.|2007|1 produced by|cerebral ischaemia|middle cerebral artery occlusion|3133237_0|the effects of trh analogues on ###cerebral ischaemia produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion### in the rat.|1988|1 produced by|cerebral ischemia|middle cerebral artery occlusion|17067559_11|we were able to induce rapid cerebral protection via adenosine a1 receptor activation by administering an appropriate degree of vc prior to ###cerebral ischemia produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion###.|2006|1 produced by|chronic congestive heart failure|tricuspid insufficiency|1185590_5|as a model of chronic sodium retention, dogs with ###chronic congestive heart failure produced by tricuspid insufficiency### and pulmonary stenosis were similarly studied.|1976|1 produced by|cirrhosis|choline deficiency|14885395_0|pathogenesis of the ###cirrhosis produced by choline deficiency###; escape of lipid from fatty hepatic cysts into the biliary and vascular systems.|1952|1 produced by|colicky abdominal pain|inflammatory bowel disease|12598727_4|our findings may explain the diarrhoea and ###colicky abdominal pain produced by inflammatory bowel disease###, and by ik1-blocking pyridine drugs prescribed for neuromuscular disorders.|2003|1 produced by|cyanosis|superior vena caval stenosis|18291206_0|###cyanosis produced by superior vena caval stenosis###.|2008|1 produced by|dehydration|diarrheal disease|3212509_3|ethnoclassification was used to illustrate the discrepancy between the proposed approach to treatment for ###dehydration produced by diarrheal disease### and the actual beliefs and practices in 4 central american communities.|1989|1 produced by|dysphagia|achalasia|2263874_1|it has been suggested that low-frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (tens) alleviates the ###dysphagia produced by achalasia### and scleroderma of the esophagus.|1991|1 produced by|endocarditis|erysipelothrix|15974525_1|###endocarditis produced by erysipelothrix### rhusiopathiae is an uncommon disease in humans.|2005|0.5 produced by|fetal damage|maternal phenylketonuria|9497192_1|lower than average concentrations of tyrosine could be a factor in the ###fetal damage produced by maternal phenylketonuria### (pku).|1998|1 produced by|fever|shigella dysenteriae|4568386_3|samples of c.s.f. were collected from the same cat, during normal temperature, during ###fever produced by shigella dysenteriae### injected into the third ventricle and during the fall in temperature which occurred when the antipyretic paracetamol was injected intraperitoneally during the pyrogen fever.2.|1973|1 produced by|gastric outlet obstruction|gallstones|6584949_0|###gastric outlet obstruction produced by gallstones### in the duodenal wall.|1984|1 produced by|hepatic congestion|cardiac tamponade|12186113_5|the patient presented with jaundice and ###hepatic congestion produced by cardiac tamponade###.|2002|1 produced by|hypertension|renal ischemia|19870955_2|this procedure did not interfere with the development of ###hypertension produced by renal ischemia###.|2010|1 produced by|hypertension|ureteral obstruction|1118999_0|mechanism of ###hypertension produced by ureteral obstruction###.|1975|1 produced by|hyposexuality|temporal lobe epilepsy|9577993_0|###hyposexuality produced by temporal lobe epilepsy### in the cat.|1998|1 produced by|hypotension|cardiac tamponade|3988671_2|we measured blood flow (radiolabeled microspheres) to respiratory muscles and vital organs in 11 dogs breathing against an inspiratory elastic load, first with normal blood pressure (bp) and then ###hypotension produced by cardiac tamponade###.|1985|1 produced by|hypotension|hyperemesis gravidarum|19889269_13|while 1 (2.3%) was diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome and another one was diagnosed as arf secondary to ###hypotension produced by hyperemesis gravidarum###.|2009|1 produced by|infections|herpes simplex|9479174_4|the nursing role in the attention to hiv and aids seropositive patients with ###infections produced by herpes simplex### and zoster varicella was analyzed during two years.|1998|1 produced by|intussusception|intestinal tumors|21523969_1|intestinal occlusion due to ###intussusception produced by intestinal tumors### is a very rare condition.|2011|1 produced by|ischemia|intracranial hypertension|1151468_0|experimental cerebral oligemia and ###ischemia produced by intracranial hypertension###. part 3: brain energy metabolism.|1975|1 produced by|ischemia|vasospasm|6804608_7|deterioration from ###ischemia produced by vasospasm### related or unrelated to rebleeding exceeded the risks of rebleeding in grade 2 patients.|1982|1 produced by|keratitis|herpes simplex|213673_0|[combined therapy with secretory immunoglobulin a and human interferon in ###keratitis produced by herpes simplex### virus in the rabbit].|1979|1 produced by|malignant hypertension|renal ischemia|13380535_0|###malignant hypertension produced by renal ischemia###; a case report with cure by nephrectomy.|1957|1 produced by|marginal keratitis|phthirus|1031389_0|###marginal keratitis produced by phthirus### pubes.|1978|0.5 produced by|meningitis|haemophilus influenzae|1588580_0|experimental rabbit model of ###meningitis produced by haemophilus influenzae### serotype c.|1992|0.5 produced by|neurological disability|meningeal carcinomatosis|839239_4|the model will be useful for investigating the pathophysiology of the ###neurological disability produced by meningeal carcinomatosis### and the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents.|1977|1 produced by|neurological disease|varicella zoster|20186614_0|###neurological disease produced by varicella zoster### virus reactivation without rash.|2010|1 produced by|neurological disorders|clostridium perfringens|16701511_0|###neurological disorders produced by clostridium perfringens### type d epsilon toxin.|2006|0.5 produced by|obesity|single gene defects|9164269_4|in thinking about the biology of ###obesity produced by single gene defects###, it must be kept in mind that adrenalectomy can prevent the phenotypic expression in all of the single gene models of obesity.|1997|1 produced by|pain|gallbladder disease|3896701_1|in a randomized double-blind trial, the effect of ibuprofen on the ###pain produced by gallbladder disease### and on gallbladder mucosa and muscle wall tissue pge and pgf production was evaluated to determine if the pain of cholecystitis and prostaglandin formation were altered by administration of a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor.|1985|1 produced by|pleural effusions|lung cancer|10635295_4|moreover, vegf has been shown to be essential not only for angiogenesis but also for the formation of ###pleural effusions produced by lung cancer### via induction of vascular hyperpermeability.|2000|1 produced by|pulmonary stenosis|aneurysm|18609856_0|###pulmonary stenosis produced by aneurysm### of the ascending aorta.|2008|0.5 produced by|radiculopathy|nerve root irritation|9580954_2|objective : to investigate the effects of an epidural steroid (betamethasone) or a local anesthetic (bupivacaine) in an animal model of ###radiculopathy produced by nerve root irritation###.|1998|1 produced by|rash|creeping eruption|2011642_8|human hookworm is treated most effectively with mebendazole, while the ###rash produced by creeping eruption### responds to topical thiabendazole.|1991|1 produced by|retrograde amnesia|hypothermia|4305622_0|###retrograde amnesia produced by hypothermia### in rats.|1969|1 produced by|secondary anemia|hodgkin's disease|16692589_0|retinitis proliferans of both eyes due to ###secondary anemia produced by hodgkin's disease###: report of a case.|2006|1 produced by|secondary hyperalgesia|joint inflammation|18343037_0|role of asic3 in the primary and ###secondary hyperalgesia produced by joint inflammation### in mice.|2008|1 produced by|sensorimotor polyneuropathy|plasma cell infiltration|10339780_8|subacute or chronic polyradiculoneuropathy as the inaugural manifestation of solitary plasmacytoma is exceedingly rare and should be distinguished from the ###sensorimotor polyneuropathy produced by plasma cell infiltration### in some multiple myeloma patients.|1999|1 produced by|systemic candidiasis|oral candida|715766_0|###systemic candidiasis produced by oral candida### administration in mice.|1979|1 produced by|unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia|human immunodeficiency virus|16436740_0|practical preclinical model for assessing the potential for ###unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia produced by human immunodeficiency virus### protease inhibitors.|2006|1 produced by|urinary tract infections|escherichia|16558013_2|even in patients with impaired renal function, the concentrations of cephalexin present in the urine are adequate for the treatment of most ###urinary tract infections produced by escherichia### coli, klebsiella, and proteus mirabilis.|2010|1 produced by|uveitis|herpes simplex|2190470_0|in vivo expression of perforin by natural killer cells during a viral infection. studies on ###uveitis produced by herpes simplex### virus type i.|1990|1 produced by|vasospasm|subarachnoid hemorrhage|7210065_2|###vasospasm produced by subarachnoid hemorrhage### at normal intracranial pressure was partially relieved by nitroprusside.|1981|1 produced by|weakness|myasthenia gravis|697278_1|the purpose of this report is to alert the ophthalmologist and neurologist to the fact that intermittent ocular symptoms may herald the onset of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and therefore resemble the ###weakness produced by myasthenia gravis###.|1978|1 resulting from|acute cholecystitis|hemobilia|6979488_4|a patient with ###acute cholecystitis resulting from hemobilia### following percutaneous biopsy of the liver is described.|1982|1 resulting from|acute liver failure|aortic dissection|18089431_0|orthotopic liver transplantation in a patient with ###acute liver failure resulting from aortic dissection###.|2007|1 resulting from|atherosclerosis|hypertension|18047429_2|oh is associated with several functional cardiovascular abnormalities and increased risk of ###atherosclerosis resulting from hypertension### associated to atherogenic lipid profile.|2007|1 resulting from|biliary colic|hemobilia|9314321_0|endoscopic treatment of ###biliary colic resulting from hemobilia### after nonoperative management of blunt hepatic injury: case report and review of the literature.|1997|1 resulting from|blindness|age-related macular degeneration|22264945_9|the decline mainly was attributable to a decreased incidence of ###blindness resulting from age-related macular degeneration###, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and cataract.|2012|1 resulting from|bone metastases|thyroid cancer|16410661_0|clinical features of ###bone metastases resulting from thyroid cancer###: a review of 28 patients over a 20-year period.|2006|1 resulting from|chiasmal syndrome|chromophobe adenoma|970854_1|four cases of ###chiasmal syndrome resulting from chromophobe adenoma### with normal-sized sella turcica are reported.|1976|1 resulting from|cicatricial entropion|trachoma|6992857_1|###cicatricial entropion resulting from trachoma### occurs in various grades of severity.|1980|1 resulting from|conductive hearing loss|otitis media|17571932_4|all the subjects had an open mouth breathing pattern with a secondary atypical swallowing mode and a ###conductive hearing loss resulting from otitis media###.|2007|1 resulting from|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|21-hydroxylase deficiency|1736054_2|clinical features : a couple whose son had ###congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from 21-hydroxylase deficiency### sought prenatal diagnosis and treatment in their next pregnancy.|1992|1 resulting from|congenital haemolytic anaemia|glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency|469896_0|###congenital haemolytic anaemia resulting from glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency###: genetics, clinical picture, and prenatal diagnosis.|1979|1 resulting from|dehydration|diarrhea|12338149_1|###dehydration resulting from diarrhea### has been successfully treated with an oral rehydration solution (ors) containing sugar, known to accelerate the absorption of salts and water by the body.|1982|1 resulting from|dementia|alzheimer's disease|18057860_8|the most common condition was ###dementia resulting from alzheimer's disease### (42.74%), autism, cerebral palsy or mental retardation, in descending order.|2007|1 resulting from|diplopia|ischemia|7155521_3|visual loss from anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and ###diplopia resulting from ischemia### of the ocular muscles represents the major ocular manifestations of giant cell arteritis.|1983|0.5 resulting from|dyspnea|phrenic nerve paralysis|9293653_0|###dyspnea resulting from phrenic nerve paralysis### after interscalene brachial plexus block in an obese male--a case report.|1997|1 resulting from|encephalopathy|renal failure|4053611_5|as is well recognized in man, this is a case of ###encephalopathy resulting from renal failure###.|1985|1 resulting from|heart failure|myocardial infarction|15704068_0|inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects the heart against cardiac remodeling in mice with ###heart failure resulting from myocardial infarction###.|2005|1 resulting from|hemorrhage|portal hypertension|3499699_0|[ligation of the esophagus in ###hemorrhage resulting from portal hypertension### in children].|1987|1 resulting from|hydronephrosis|cervical carcinoma|11675681_3|this study involves a determination of the value of routine cystoscopy and intravenous urography, in the detection of bladder invasion or ###hydronephrosis resulting from cervical carcinoma###, among patients who had undergone mri or ct.|2001|1 resulting from|immune dysfunction|hiv infection|8633621_10|the possibility that a very common agent in this study population or that differences in the nature of the ###immune dysfunction resulting from hiv infection### could act as a cofactor for hiv-induced non-hodgkin's lymphoma cannot be excluded.|1996|1 resulting from|inflammatory disorder|staphylococcal infection|17569280_13|the oil alone or in combination with cloxacillin, a beta-lactamase resistant penicillin, has been found to be beneficial in bovine mastitis, an ###inflammatory disorder resulting from staphylococcal infection###.|2007|1 resulting from|lagophthalmos|facial paralysis|16639664_11|this means, that in addition to the ###lagophthalmos resulting from facial paralysis###, changes occur in the functional anatomy of the upper eyelid, which must be considered during surgical correction.|2006|1 resulting from|lumbar radiculopathy|lumbar disc herniation|12131719_6|methods : in this study, 48 patients with ###lumbar radiculopathy resulting from lumbar disc herniation### were examined.|2002|1 resulting from|lymphadenopathy|acute hepatitis c infection|16785802_0|###lymphadenopathy resulting from acute hepatitis c infection### mimicking metastatic breast carcinoma on fdg pet/ct.|2006|1 resulting from|malabsorption|vomiting|2716563_2|the most common causes of these pregnancies seem to be missed pills, drug interactions, and ###malabsorption resulting from vomiting### or diarrhea.|1989|1 resulting from|megaoesophagus|achalasia|18363027_1|###megaoesophagus resulting from achalasia### is a rare but serious cause of airway obstruction.|2008|1 resulting from|metatarsalgia|neuromas|19680113_2|patients may have significant symptoms from corns, hammertoe and mallet toe deformities, and ###metatarsalgia resulting from neuromas### and metatarsophalangeal joint instability.|2009|1 resulting from|mitral regurgitation|downward displacement|3736088_1|a rare case of combined aortic and ###mitral regurgitation resulting from downward displacement### of the aortic anulus is reported.|1986|0.5 resulting from|movement disorders|cerebral palsy|8959463_0|quantifying the effects of interventions for ###movement disorders resulting from cerebral palsy###.|1997|1 resulting from|neck pain|cervical spondylosis|20232104_5|###neck pain resulting from cervical spondylosis### is common in elderly people.|2010|1 resulting from|neuropathic pain|transverse myelitis|17986168_4|spinal cord stimulation may offer a therapeutic option for patients with ###neuropathic pain resulting from transverse myelitis### and should be considered when other treatments fail.|2007|1 resulting from|oedema|sodium retention|7954538_1|hypertension and ###oedema resulting from sodium retention### are the main indications for diuretic treatment in patients with chronic renal failure.|1994|1 resulting from|pain|bone metastases|11214878_1|etidronate and medronate have been labelled with technetium-99m (99mtc-hedp, 99mtc-mdp) for bone scanning and, with rhenium-188 (188re-hedp) to palliate the ###pain resulting from bone metastases###.|2001|1 resulting from|pain|endometriosis|18354050_1|###pain resulting from endometriosis### is experienced as both a chronic, ongoing condition and an acute episode at time of menstruation, often occurring in association with diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, heavy bleeding, and other reactions.|2008|1 resulting from|pain|vascular disease|3327038_2|this is particularly so in the case of ###pain resulting from vascular disease### and irritation of peripheral nerves and in the thoracic outlet and inlet syndrome.|1988|1 resulting from|parapharyngeal abscess|tonsillitis|15235797_4|we present five cases of ###parapharyngeal abscess resulting from tonsillitis### and peritonsillar infection extending to the parapharyngeal space in adult patients.|2005|1 resulting from|pelvic pressure|ureteral obstruction|7086977_1|the present investigation was undertaken to determine whether elevated glomerular capillary and ###pelvic pressure resulting from ureteral obstruction### could be lowered by injection of indomethacin.|1982|1 resulting from|pneumonia|infection|207750_0|the effect of vaccination with a parainfluenza type 3 virus on ###pneumonia resulting from infection### with parainfluenza type 3 virus and pasteurella haemolytica.|1978|0.5 resulting from|pseudotumor cerebri|transverse sinus thrombosis|10433306_1|object : the goal of this study was to document the hazards associated with ###pseudotumor cerebri resulting from transverse sinus thrombosis### after tumor resection.|1999|1 resulting from|psoas abscesses|spinal tuberculosis|13385259_0|the surgical excision of ###psoas abscesses resulting from spinal tuberculosis###.|1957|1 resulting from|quadriplegia|spinal instability|21374896_10|###quadriplegia resulting from spinal instability### missed by a clearance test had enormous impacts on longevity, quality of life, and costs.|2011|1 resulting from|recurrent abdominal pain|sphincter of oddi dysfunction|11979243_4|methods : the study population consisted of 36 patients who presented with ###recurrent abdominal pain resulting from sphincter of oddi dysfunction###.|2002|1 resulting from|renovascular hypertension|renal artery stenosis|19413179_1|introduction : the largest group of patients with secondary hypertension comprises individuals with ###renovascular hypertension resulting from renal artery stenosis### that is a potentially removable condition.|2009|1 resulting from|retinal detachment|macular hole|17278531_2|patients and methods : data for all patients with high myopia who underwent surgery for ###retinal detachment resulting from macular hole### from 1993 to 2002 in one hospital were evaluated.|2007|1 resulting from|seizures|brain lesions|16629451_2|we reported a case with ###seizures resulting from brain lesions### which pathologically demonstrated a coexistence with a cavernous angioma and a focal cortical dysplasia.|2006|1 resulting from|steatorrhea|pancreatic insufficiency|9520087_3|the measurement of fat concentration on spot samples may be of some use only in screening malabsorption of pancreatic origin; moreover, it does not discriminate between ###steatorrhea resulting from pancreatic insufficiency### and that caused by gastrointestinal disorders.|1998|1 resulting from|subarachnoid hemorrhage|necrotizing vasculitis|8097441_0|intraventricular and ###subarachnoid hemorrhage resulting from necrotizing vasculitis### of the choroid plexus in a patient with churg-strauss syndrome.|1993|0.5 resulting from|thromboembolism|thoracic outlet syndrome|3352071_0|treatment of a case of ###thromboembolism resulting from thoracic outlet syndrome### with intra-arterial urokinase infusion.|1988|1 resulting from|vasospasm|subarachnoid hemorrhage|1832667_2|###vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage### related to aneurysmal rupture or occurring during detachable balloon embolization therapy for treatment of an aneurysm has responded to angioplasty when conventional methods have failed.|1991|1 resulting from|ventricular fibrillation|ischemia|7148721_0|###ventricular fibrillation resulting from ischemia### at a site remote from previous myocardial infarction. a conscious canine model of sudden coronary death.|1983|1 secondary to a|acromegaly|pituitary adenoma|19452416_5|the patient was diagnosed with ###acromegaly secondary to a pituitary adenoma### and underwent expanded endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for tumor resection.|2009|1 secondary to a|acute appendicitis|granular cell tumor|21533589_3|case report: we describe the rare case of ###acute appendicitis secondary to a granular cell tumor### of the appendix in a 19-year-old male.|2011|1 secondary to a|acute dyspnea|pneumothorax|17356111_1|we report the case of a 25-year-old african-american man presenting to the henry ford hospital emergency department with ###acute dyspnea secondary to a pneumothorax### resulting from a migratory acupuncture needle.|2007|1 secondary to a|acute leukemias|myelodysplastic syndrome|9200992_0|association between trisomy 8 and the immunophenotype of blast cells from ###acute leukemias secondary to a myelodysplastic syndrome### or chronic myeloproliferative disorders.|1997|1 secondary to a|acute pancreatitis|pancreatic endocrine neoplasm|16407620_2|this report presents the case of a patient who have had ###acute pancreatitis secondary to a pancreatic endocrine neoplasm###.|2006|1 secondary to a|aneurysmal bone cyst|giant cell tumor|16789466_2|biopsy of the patella revealed an ###aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to a giant cell tumor###.|2006|1 secondary to a|bilateral hearing loss|rectal adenocarcinoma|16413982_1|we present a case of meningeal carcinomatosis with ###bilateral hearing loss secondary to a rectal adenocarcinoma###.|2006|1 secondary to a|bilateral hydronephrosis|sacrococcygeal teratoma|1491908_1|a case of congenital bladder rupture with urine ascites and ###bilateral hydronephrosis secondary to a sacrococcygeal teratoma### obstructing the bladder outlet is presented.|1993|1 secondary to a|biliary obstruction|pancreatic tumor|6972200_1|a 46-year-old woman was seen with ###biliary obstruction secondary to a pancreatic tumor###.|1981|1 secondary to a|bowel obstruction|meckel's diverticulum|14558715_4|a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed revealing a ###bowel obstruction secondary to a meckel's diverticulum###.|2003|1 secondary to a|breathlessness|pleural effusion,|21479895_2|it commonly presents with ###breathlessness secondary to a pleural effusion,### and whilst guidelines still advise thoracocentesis as the first line investigation, the sensitivity of this is low and a tissue diagnosis is usually required.|2011|1 secondary to a|cachexia|chronic intestinal isosporiasis|7746744_2|she died in march 1993 following a ###cachexia secondary to a chronic intestinal isosporiasis###.|1995|1 secondary to a|carcinomatous meningitis|pancreatic carcinoma|11843255_5|to our knowledge, this is only the second case of ###carcinomatous meningitis secondary to a pancreatic carcinoma### described so far.|2002|1 secondary to a|cold agglutinin disease|t-cell lymphoma|14609108_0|raynaud's phenomenon with necrosis of the extremities induced by ###cold agglutinin disease secondary to a t-cell lymphoma###.|2003|1 secondary to a|colonic atresia|choledochal cyst|9639633_0|###colonic atresia secondary to a choledochal cyst###.|1998|1 secondary to a|conductive hearing loss|schwannoma|8572102_0|###conductive hearing loss secondary to a schwannoma### involving the middle ear with normal facial function in a 69-year-old.|1996|1 secondary to a|coronary thrombosis|disseminated intravascular coagulation|6660644_3|etiology of the cases presented shows a myocardiac fibrosis with schwachman's syndrome in one case, a ###coronary thrombosis secondary to a disseminated intravascular coagulation### in a second case, and finally a generalized hypoplasia of coronary arteries.|1984|1 secondary to a|endogenous endophthalmitis|liver abscess|17668150_1|purpose : to report the first european case of ###endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to a liver abscess### due to klebsiella pneumoniae expressing maga gene.|2008|1 secondary to a|gastric outlet obstruction|gallstone|17973154_2|bouveret syndrome is a form of ###gastric outlet obstruction secondary to a gallstone### which has eroded through the gallbladder into the duodenum.|2009|1 secondary to a|gastric varices|chronic pancreatitis|3488571_0|[upper digestive hemorrhage caused by ###gastric varices secondary to a chronic pancreatitis### of the tail of the pancreas].|1986|1 secondary to a|gastroparesis|demyelinating disease|17266755_0|###gastroparesis secondary to a demyelinating disease###: a case series.|2007|1 secondary to a|gastroparesis|demyelinating disease|17266755_3|###gastroparesis secondary to a demyelinating disease### of the brain is unusual.|2007|0.5 secondary to a|hydronephrosis|neurogenic bladder|9533561_4|this unusual complication of the tethered cord syndrome was most likely due to a ###hydronephrosis secondary to a neurogenic bladder###.|1998|1 secondary to a|hypercalcemia|cervical cancer|6581316_0|###hypercalcemia secondary to a cervical cancer###: resolution by surgical resection.|1984|1 secondary to a|hyperprolactinaemia|pituitary adenoma|112818_1|twenty women with ###hyperprolactinaemia secondary to a pituitary adenoma### were studied before and after selective transsphenoidal removal of the tumour.|1979|1 secondary to a|ileocolic intussusception|lipoma|9223708_0|###ileocolic intussusception secondary to a lipoma### in an adult.|1997|1 secondary to a|infantile spasms|brain tumor|2045638_0|###infantile spasms secondary to a brain tumor###.|1991|1 secondary to a|intestinal ischemia|juxtaglomerular cell tumor|16253738_4|we describe a patient with malignant hypertension with acute renal failure and ###intestinal ischemia secondary to a juxtaglomerular cell tumor###.|2005|1 secondary to a|intestinal obstruction|bezoar|9569269_2|this syndrome is characterized by ###intestinal obstruction secondary to a bezoar### possessing a tail which extends to or beyond the ileo-cecal valve.|1998|1 secondary to a|liver metastases|bronchial tumor|2650611_1|a case of carcinoid cardiopathy (c.c.) of the right heart, related to ###liver metastases secondary to a bronchial tumor###, is reported.|1989|1 secondary to a|macroglobulinemia|lymphosarcoma|14434647_0|###macroglobulinemia secondary to a lymphosarcoma### of the brain.|1960|0.5 secondary to a|macular edema|branch retinal vein occlusion|20689780_1|a patient with ###macular edema secondary to a branch retinal vein occlusion### (brvo) was treated with intravenous injections of infliximab, an antitumor necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha antibody, for her rheumatoid arthritis (ra).|2010|1 secondary to a|mediastinitis|dental abscess|3175137_0|[peritonitis as a complication of ###mediastinitis secondary to a dental abscess###].|1988|1 secondary to a|obstructive hydrocephalus|brain tumor|3152484_2|megalencephaly is the usual basis for nf-1-associated macrocrania, although ###obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a brain tumor### or cranial vault dysplasia may occur.|1990|1 secondary to a|oncogenic osteomalacia|hemangiopericytoma|10047746_0|###oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to a hemangiopericytoma### of the hip: case report.|1999|0.5 secondary to a|osteomalacia|billroth|6744717_2|the patient had ###osteomalacia secondary to a billroth### ii procedure.|1984|0 secondary to a|ovarian metastasis|renal clear cell carcinoma|18592775_1|objective : we report one case of ###ovarian metastasis secondary to a renal clear cell carcinoma###.|2008|1 secondary to a|pain|pilonidal cyst|19299321_3|the patient had been taking celecoxib over the past 6 months, for 1-2 weeks at a time, for low back ###pain secondary to a pilonidal cyst### and an l5/s1 bulging disc.|2009|1 secondary to a|pain|vertebral metastasis|18766427_5|we have recently observed a 55-year-old male patient with back ###pain secondary to a vertebral metastasis### due to a hepatocellular carcinoma.|2008|1 secondary to a|pancoast syndrome|hodgkin lymphoma|15161597_4|in a review of the literature we found a single case of ###pancoast syndrome secondary to a hodgkin lymphoma###; however, the syndrome manifested during recurrence of disease in that patient.|2004|1 secondary to a|paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuronopathy|malignant mixed mullerian tumor|16449165_0|###paraneoplastic subacute sensory neuronopathy secondary to a malignant mixed mullerian tumor###.|2006|1 secondary to a|pneumococcal peritonitis|ruptured ovarian cyst|6866870_1|five cases of primary peritonitis are presented, with a sixth related case of ###pneumococcal peritonitis secondary to a ruptured ovarian cyst###.|1983|1 secondary to a|poems syndrome|plasmocytoma|9172922_4|clinical case : we present a case of ###poems syndrome secondary to a plasmocytoma### of the dorsal vertebral column in a 32 year old male negro.|1997|1 secondary to a|portal vein thrombosis|chronic pancreatitis|14726977_2|we present here the case of a patient diagnosed with ###portal vein thrombosis secondary to a chronic pancreatitis###; the abnormalities in the bile ducts were observed during the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.|2004|1 secondary to a|precocious puberty|hypothalamic hamartoma|8165500_1|a 6-year-old girl was treated for ###precocious puberty secondary to a hypothalamic hamartoma### by resection of the tumor.|1994|1 secondary to a|protein-losing enteropathy|hypertrophic gastropathy|8880525_1|a previously healthy 7-year-old boy presented with a ###protein-losing enteropathy secondary to a hypertrophic gastropathy###.|1997|1 secondary to a|pyloric stenosis|chronic duodenal ulcer|12678452_0|pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis associated with ascites and ###pyloric stenosis secondary to a chronic duodenal ulcer###: case report.|2003|1 secondary to a|sciatic neuropathy|uterine fibroid|10088591_0|###sciatic neuropathy secondary to a uterine fibroid###: a case report.|1999|1 secondary to a|seizures|neuronal migration disorder|10386524_6|five of 12 children with ###seizures secondary to a neuronal migration disorder### had reoperations, including three who ultimately underwent complete hemispherectomy.|1999|1 secondary to a|thrombocytosis|myeloproliferative disease|9250565_3|patients with ###thrombocytosis secondary to a myeloproliferative disease###, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml), frequently require more sustained suppression of the platelet count.|1997|1 secondary to|acute abdomen|infection|1313710_1|a case of a hiv-positive patient hospitalized with ###acute abdomen secondary to infection### by cytomegalovirus (cmv), is presented.|1992|0.5 secondary to|acute congestive heart failure|mitral stenosis|1956018_1|a woman with ###acute congestive heart failure secondary to mitral stenosis### and sickle cell crisis was treated successfully with a combination of an exchange transfusion and percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty.|1992|1 secondary to|acute respiratory distress syndrome|varicella pneumonia|15012896_0|[glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins in an ###acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to varicella pneumoniae###].|2004|1 secondary to|bowel obstruction|internal hernia|19999929_0|###bowel obstruction secondary to internal hernia### after laparoscopic nissen fundoplication and gastrostomy tube placement.|2009|1 secondary to|brachial plexopathy|traumatic delivery|8210376_2|material and methods : five newborn infants with ###brachial plexopathy secondary to traumatic delivery### underwent mr imaging of the spine and serial neurologic examinations, and the findings were compared.|1993|1 secondary to|calcific pancreatitis|hyperlipoproteinemia|222644_1|the history of a 27-year-old woman with 10 years of episodic abdominal pain and the development of ###calcific pancreatitis secondary to hyperlipoproteinemia### is presented.|1979|1 secondary to|cerebral infarction|vasculitis|3197355_3|we describe a case of ###cerebral infarction secondary to vasculitis### in a child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.|1989|1 secondary to|charcot's arthropathy|herpetic encephalitis|19536544_0|###charcot's arthropathy secondary to herpetic encephalitis### sequelae: an unusual presentation.|2010|1 secondary to|chronic venous hypertension|sinus thrombosis|11760805_4|###chronic venous hypertension secondary to sinus thrombosis### in the left transverse-sigmoid sinus induced the multiple davfs, including one in the right cavernous sinus, which was remote from the occluded sinus.|2001|1 secondary to|cirrhosis|hepatitis c|11150425_1|during evaluation for liver transplantation, a 63-year-old man with ###cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis c### was diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve area, 0.87 cm(2)) and coronary artery disease.|2001|1 secondary to|colovesical fistula|diverticulitis|18574124_1|we report an unusual case of a male patient with a ###colovesical fistula secondary to diverticulitis### presenting in the genitourinary medicine clinic as non-gonococcal urethritis.|2008|1 secondary to|diabetes|chronic pancreatitis|5410666_0|serum lipid levels in ###diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis###.|1970|1 secondary to|dysphagia|viral meningitis|14506983_2|this case report describes a patient with bilateral insular cortex lesions and ###dysphagia secondary to viral meningitis###.|2003|1 secondary to|encephalopathy|sepsis|14977574_2|the incidence of ###encephalopathy secondary to sepsis### is unknown.|2004|1 secondary to|exocrine pancreatic insufficiency|alcoholism|3781179_2|nonpancreatic lipolytic activity was measured in gastric and duodenal aspirates from 5 patients with ###exocrine pancreatic insufficiency secondary to alcoholism### and in aspirates from 5 alcoholics without evidence of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (controls).|1987|1 secondary to|flash pulmonary edema|upper airway obstruction|1858645_0|###flash pulmonary edema secondary to upper airway obstruction###.|1991|1 secondary to|gastric outlet obstruction|duodenal ulcer|8101050_1|a prospective randomized clinical trial was performed in order to evaluate the results of three surgical techniques for the treatment of ###gastric outlet obstruction secondary to duodenal ulcer###.|1993|1 secondary to|gastric varices|splenic vein occlusion|18498359_1|aim: this study provides a retrospective evaluation of cases with ###gastric varices secondary to splenic vein occlusion###.|2008|1 secondary to|heart failure|acute myocardial infarction|7966873_6|articles addressing valvular heart disease or ###heart failure secondary to acute myocardial infarction### or chagas' disease were excluded.|1994|1 secondary to|heart failure|idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy|16377292_0|cardiac ventricular diastolic and systolic duration in children with ###heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy###.|2005|1 secondary to|heart failure|ischemic cardiomyopathy|18993157_3|ten healthy volunteers and 22 patients with ###heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy### underwent both ve-mri and tdi.|2008|1 secondary to|heart failure|ischemic cardiomyopathy|9138094_1|###heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy### is the primary cause of cardiovascular mortality.|1997|1 secondary to|hepatocellular carcinoma|chronic hepatitis c|16498647_1|liver cirrhosis and ###hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to chronic hepatitis c### virus (hcv) infection requiring transplantation represents a significant public health problem.|2006|1 secondary to|hydrocephalus|intraventricular hemorrhage|6621842_11|aggressive management of ###hydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage### may improve neurological function in some surviving neonates.|1983|1 secondary to|hydronephrosis|inflammatory aneurysm|12958673_0|management and course of ###hydronephrosis secondary to inflammatory aneurysm###s of the abdominal aorta.|2004|0.5 secondary to|hydronephrosis|ureteropelvic junction obstruction|6842688_1|pyeloplasty for ###hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction### is a proved efficacious procedure.|1983|1 secondary to|hypercalcemia|acute lymphocytic leukemia|9755274_2|we report our experience in the use of intravenous and oral bisphosphonates in a 5-year-old with ###hypercalcemia secondary to acute lymphocytic leukemia###, a 16-year-old with immobilization hypercalcemia, and a 14-year-old with chronic hypercalcemia of unknown cause.|1998|1 secondary to|hypersplenism|portal hypertension|19787828_2|the causes of anemia include acute or chronic gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and ###hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension###.|2009|1 secondary to|infection|monilial vaginitis|16810995_6|###infection secondary to monilial vaginitis### in the mother appears to have been over-emphasized.|2006|1 secondary to|intestinal pseudo-obstruction|multiple sclerosis|15737141_1|three patients with ###intestinal pseudo-obstruction secondary to multiple sclerosis### are reported.|2005|1 secondary to|liver metastases|gastrointestinal stromal tumour|21400009_0|parametric images via dynamic 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic data acquisition in predicting midterm outcome of ###liver metastases secondary to gastrointestinal stromal tumours###.|2011|1 secondary to|lower extremity pain|lumbar spinal stenosis|19057629_4|however, there have not been any randomized trials and evidence is limited with regards to the effectiveness of epidural injections in managing chronic function-limiting low back and ###lower extremity pain secondary to lumbar spinal stenosis###.|2008|1 secondary to|macular oedema|central retinal vein occlusion|18535613_1|purpose : to evaluate the safety and outcome of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide as treatment for ###macular oedema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion### (crvo) in taiwanese.|2009|1 secondary to|memory loss|alzheimer disease|10410180_4|with the onset of ###memory loss secondary to alzheimer disease###, she became increasingly anxious and compulsive as a result of a failure to remember.|1999|1 secondary to|mesenteric ischemia|vascular disease|3279550_1|###mesenteric ischemia secondary to vascular disease### remains a significant problem in patients presenting with acute abdominal conditions, especially if they are elderly.|1988|1 secondary to|metabolic disorders|sepsis|12473946_2|this muscular weakness is the result of haemodynamic and ###metabolic disorders secondary to sepsis### and also the damaging effects of inflammatory mediators, among which oxygen free radicals play a crucial role.|2002|1 secondary to|myelopathy|copper deficiency|20451943_0|combined optic neuropathy and ###myelopathy secondary to copper deficiency###.|2010|1 secondary to|pancreatic pseudocysts|acute pancreatitis|12239756_3|from january 1980 to december 2001 we observed a total of 74 patients with ###pancreatic pseudocysts secondary to acute pancreatitis###.|2002|1 secondary to|pancytopenia|parvovirus b19 infection|7485090_0|###pancytopenia secondary to parvovirus b19 infection### in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mimicking leukemic relapse.|1995|1 secondary to|partial epilepsy|neonatal stroke|18848469_4|we report a patient with ###partial epilepsy secondary to neonatal stroke###, who developed depressive disorder as a result of levetiracetam (lev) treatment.|2009|1 secondary to|pulmonary oedema|raised intracranial pressure|4428767_0|[the cause and treatment of ###pulmonary oedema secondary to raised intracranial pressure### (author's transl)].|1975|1 secondary to|radicular pain|spinal stenosis|19165301_4|case report : an 81-year-old female with ###radicular pain secondary to spinal stenosis### had been seen on 5 previous occasions for lumbar epidural steroid injections.|2009|1 secondary to|raynaud's phenomenon|systemic sclerosis|2447572_1|thirteen patients with ###raynaud's phenomenon secondary to systemic sclerosis### received three 8-hour infusions of a synthetic prostacyclin analogue (iloprost) on consecutive days and were followed-up over a period of 10 weeks during the winter of 1985/86.|1988|1 secondary to|refractory sideroblastic anemia|autoimmune hemolytic anemia|410222_0|###refractory sideroblastic anemia secondary to autoimmune hemolytic anemia###.|1977|1 secondary to|renal insufficiency|renal artery stenosis|3884625_1|an experience with 20 patients with renovascular hypertension and ###renal insufficiency secondary to renal artery stenosis### is presented.|1985|1 secondary to|respiratory failure|meconium aspiration syndrome|19057608_3|###respiratory failure secondary to meconium aspiration syndrome### (mas) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population.|2008|1 secondary to|uremia|primary hyperoxaluria|7604440_5|early hepatorenal grafting in ###uremia secondary to primary hyperoxaluria### type 1 would avoid the deleterious clinical consequences of systemic oxalosis and shorten the duration of postransplant hyperoxaluria, which may compromise the course of kidney graft.|1995|1 secondary to|urinary stress incontinence|intrinsic sphincter deficiency|19660800_1|objectives : to determine whether zuidex using a non-cystoscopy mid-urethral injection technique produces as good a result (i.e. was not inferior) as contigen injected endoscopically at the bladder neck in the treatment of ###urinary stress incontinence secondary to intrinsic sphincter deficiency### in adult women.|2009|1 secondary to|vascular disease|congenital heart disease|6675611_0|[pulmonary biopsy for evaluation of ###vascular disease secondary to congenital heart disease###].|1984|1 secondary to|virilization|congenital adrenal hyperplasia|11547100_5|results : hugh hampton young was the first clinically to recognize and surgically treat posterior urethral valves, the first to develop a procedure to correct incontinence in patients with the epispadias-exstrophy complex and the first to describe bilateral subtotal adrenalectomy for ###virilization secondary to congenital adrenal hyperplasia###.|2001|1 was caused by|acute myocardial infarction|erythrocytosis|2615289_5|we conclude that thrombotic coronary occlusion with ###acute myocardial infarction was caused by erythrocytosis### due to heavy smoking.|1990|1 was caused by|acute pancreatitis|hypercalcaemia|8672768_9|these findings suggest that ###acute pancreatitis was caused by hypercalcaemia### associated with atl.|1996|1 was caused by|agammaglobulinaemia|ebv infection|2992541_6|in one of these, in whom the ###agammaglobulinaemia was caused by ebv infection###, a persistently reversed okt4+/okt8+ ratio together with an excessive suppressor t-cell function were found more than 10 years after the onset of the disease.|1985|1 was caused by|ataxia|germinoma|9163763_31|some participants thought that his ###ataxia was caused by germinoma### cells involving the medulla and the inferior cerebellar peduncles.|1997|1 was caused by|azoospermia|testicular dysfunction|6114878_3|semen from patients whose ###azoospermia was caused by testicular dysfunction### had low acylcarnitine concentrations and normal levels of free carnitine in most cases, but a group of patients with severe testicular failure (including cases of klinefelter syndrome and cryptorchidism) had low semen free carnitine concentrations.|1981|1 was caused by|chronic renal insufficiency|chronic pyelonephritis|10518388_17|###chronic renal insufficiency was caused by chronic pyelonephritis### and hypertension.|1999|1 was caused by|cor pulmonale|lung diseases|854727_2|in more than half of the cases the ###cor pulmonale was caused by lung diseases### associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema or with fibrosis of the lung.|1977|1 was caused by|cushing's disease|hypothalamic dysfunction|2823728_3|we suggest that her ###cushing's disease was caused by hypothalamic dysfunction### associated with increased corticotrophin-releasing hormone secretion, secondary to the craniopharyngioma.|1987|1 was caused by|cushing's syndrome|adenoma|10645697_4|###cushing's syndrome was caused by adenoma### (45%), diffuse bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (36%), pigmented macronodular hyperplasia (9%), and adrenal carcinoma (10%).|2000|1 was caused by|cushing's syndrome|adrenocortical adenoma|8799016_4|###cushing's syndrome was caused by adrenocortical adenoma### (32.5%), diffuse bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (40.0%), pigmented macronodular hyperplasia (20.0%) and adrenal carcinoma (7.5%).|1996|1 was caused by|deafness|cerebellopontine angle tumor|8202311_2|auditory nerve action potential was detected in 9 ears, in 5 of which ###deafness was caused by cerebellopontine angle tumor### or surgery.|1994|1 was caused by|diarrhea|protein-losing enteropathy|12607305_6|examination of the fecal clearance of alpha-1-antitrypsin and biopsied rectal material revealed that the ###diarrhea was caused by protein-losing enteropathy### due to gastrointestinal amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis.|2003|1 was caused by|digestive diseases|chronic liver disease|9786233_5|most of the increase in the number of deaths from ###digestive diseases was caused by chronic liver disease### and cirrhosis, and more than half of the increase in the number of deaths from circulatory system diseases was a result of atherosclerotic heart disease.|1998|1 was caused by|empyema|actinomycotic infection|12680156_6|percutaneous needle biopsy of the tumor revealed that the ###empyema was caused by actinomycotic infection###, and then he underwent right middle and lower lobectomy.|2003|1 was caused by|end-stage renal failure|polycystic kidney disease|7398707_2|###end-stage renal failure was caused by polycystic kidney disease###.|1980|1 was caused by|fistula|esophageal tuberculosis|7633134_4|histopathologic studies showed that this ###fistula was caused by esophageal tuberculosis###.|1995|1 was caused by|genital infection|gonorrhea|509955_8|in 4/5 the ###genital infection was caused by gonorrhea### and occurred in teen-aged patients.|1980|1 was caused by|heart failure|ischaemic heart disease|8868979_7|###heart failure was caused by ischaemic heart disease### or was idiopathic.|1996|1 was caused by|hemoptysis|bronchiectasis|17603715_4|###hemoptysis was caused by bronchiectasis### (10 patients), active pulmonary tuberculosis (3 patients), and lung malignancy (one patient).|2007|1 was caused by|hemoptysis|stenosis|21432738_8|diagnosis : it was confirmed that the ###hemoptysis was caused by stenosis### of the left pulmonary veins, resulting from the previous pva.|2011|0.5 was caused by|hydrocephalus|aqueductal stenosis|18382322_6|###hydrocephalus was caused by aqueductal stenosis### in 65 patients, tumors in 67 patients, hemorrhages in 24 patients, myelomeningoceles in 20 patients, cysts in 15 patients, and other causes in 11 patients.|2008|1 was caused by|hydronephrosis|stenosis|22114694_5|histopathologically, this ###hydronephrosis was caused by stenosis### of the proximal ureter, which showed fibrosis and papillary malformations of the proliferative epithelium with infiltrations of b-cell-dominated lymphocytes.|2011|0.5 was caused by|hypertension|renal artery stenosis|371469_2|the first episode of ###hypertension was caused by renal artery stenosis### and was surgically corrected; the second was caused by a sizable pseudoaneurysm at the site of arterial anastomosis which was resected, and arterial continuity was successfully re-established.|1979|1 was caused by|hypertension|renal artery stenosis|6708226_6|split renal vein renin studies and angiography showed that ###hypertension was caused by renal artery stenosis### in 1 patient.|1984|1 was caused by|intussusception|metastatic liposarcoma|9071839_4|###intussusception was caused by metastatic liposarcoma### in one patient and metastatic melanoma in the other.|1997|1 was caused by|jaundice|conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia|6510771_3|###jaundice was caused by conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia###.|1985|1 was caused by|jaundice|extrahepatic biliary obstruction|2552210_5|the findings of abdominal echogram, computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography suggested that the ###jaundice was caused by extrahepatic biliary obstruction### with parapancreatic lymph node metastasis.|1989|1 was caused by|liver cirrhosis|sclerosing cholangitis|1954960_3|autopsy showed that the ###liver cirrhosis was caused by sclerosing cholangitis###.|1991|1 was caused by|lymphadenitis|mycobacterial infection|9156832_2|in 9 cases the ###lymphadenitis was caused by mycobacterial infection###.|1997|1 was caused by|macular hole|vitreous degeneration|11979984_10|conclusion : the components of the membrane suggest that the ###macular hole was caused by vitreous degeneration### due to retinitis pigmentosa.|2002|1 was caused by|moderate visual impairment|refractive error|11914201_7|the majority of this ###moderate visual impairment was caused by refractive error### (45.8%) and cataract (39.9%).|2002|1 was caused by|mononeuritis multiplex|vasculitis|8752696_11|although the pathogenesis of this case is unclear, we speculate that the ###mononeuritis multiplex was caused by vasculitis### related to the persistent measles virus infection in both elbow areas.|1996|1 was caused by|myocardial infarction|coronary artery vasospasm|19413828_2|the timing and nature of cardiac symptoms suggest that the ###myocardial infarction was caused by coronary artery vasospasm### secondary to ephedrine and/or metaraminol, which were administered to treat spinal-induced hypotension.|2009|1 was caused by|pain|tuberculous spondylitis|20930446_4|in december 2009, clinical examination revealed that the ###pain was caused by tuberculous spondylitis### and iliopsoas abscess.|2010|1 was caused by|pancoast's syndrome|pseudomonas aeruginosa infection|1948800_1|a case of ###pancoast's syndrome was caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa infection### of the lung apex.|1991|0.5 was caused by|portal hypertension|alcoholic liver cirrhosis|8020085_2|###portal hypertension was caused by alcoholic liver cirrhosis### in 22 (44pc), hepatitis b induced liver cirrhosis in seven (14pc), cryptogenic liver cirrhosis in three (six pc), bilharzial portal fibrosis in 17 (34pc) and extrahepatic portal obstruction in one (two pc).|1994|1 was caused by|portal hypertension|alcoholic liver disease|1505488_4|###portal hypertension was caused by alcoholic liver disease### in 93 of these patients.|1992|1 was caused by|portal hypertension|alcoholic liver disease|9333730_5|###portal hypertension was caused by alcoholic liver disease### in 36 patients.|1997|1 was caused by|portal hypertension|cirrhosis|3871416_3|###portal hypertension was caused by cirrhosis### in 30 (69.8%), non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis in eight (18.6%) and extra-hepatic obstruction in five (11.8%).|1985|1 was caused by|portal hypertension|liver cirrhosis|19943566_6|###portal hypertension was caused by liver cirrhosis### and postthrombotic portal cavernoma.|2009|1 was caused by|pulmonary edema|peripartum cardiomyopathy|11424466_6|from clinical course and echocardiographic findings, we consider that this ###pulmonary edema was caused by peripartum cardiomyopathy###.|2001|1 was caused by|pulmonary hypertension|lung consolidation|18679978_5|microscopic examination of lung tissue indicated that in these chicks the ###pulmonary hypertension was caused by lung consolidation### and fibrosis restricting blood capillary space and resulting in cor pulmonale.|2008|1 was caused by|radicular pain|osteomyelitis|16723876_5|myelopathy or ###radicular pain was caused by osteomyelitis### and an epidural abscess in all patients.|2006|1 was caused by|renal failure|acute tubular necrosis|18003808_2|for our case, we demonstrated by ihc staining and em that ###renal failure was caused by acute tubular necrosis### due to a direct invasion of orientia tsutsugamushi.|2008|1 was caused by|retinochoroiditis|infection|7315225_4|six of the 10 patients had a significantly higher antibody titer in the aqueous humour than in serum, in relation to their contents of total igg, proving that the ###retinochoroiditis was caused by infection### with toxoplasma gondii.|1982|0.5 was caused by|sciatica|non-hodgkin's lymphoma|1913012_1|two patients are described in whom ###sciatica was caused by non-hodgkin's lymphoma### involving the spinal epidural space.|1991|1 was caused by|stroke|subarachnoid hemorrhage|3738952_6|in 15 per cent of the prevalence cases the ###stroke was caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage###, in six per cent by cerebral hemorrhage and in the remainder by cerebral infarction or the type could not be specified.|1986|1 was caused by|tetraparesis|cord compression|10920825_6|these findings suggested that the ###tetraparesis was caused by cord compression### by the epidural abscess as the acute stage of pyogenic spinal infection.|2000|1 was caused by|thrombocytopenia|leukemia|3456706_3|when the ###thrombocytopenia was caused by leukemia###, the bleeding tendency was similar in both types of leukemia and at all platelet counts (below 20 x 10(9)/l).|1986|1 was caused by|thrombotic microangiopathy|disseminated intravascular coagulation|17061648_10|in the absence of evidence in favour of an infectious, drug-related or immunological aetiology, we postulated that this ###thrombotic microangiopathy was caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation### and that the tumour manipulation during the surgical procedure was the triggering factor.|2006|1 was due to|acute abdomen|pancreatitis|21232191_7|###acute abdomen was due to pancreatitis### in three patients (23.1%); to cholecystitis in three (23.1%); to acute diverticolitis with colon perforation in two patients (15.4%); to acute appendicitis in two (15.4%) and to intestinal obstruction in 2 patients (15.4%).|2011|1 was due to|acute respiratory failure|pneumocystis carinii pneumonia|3261005_4|###acute respiratory failure was due to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia### in 13, cytomegalovirus pneumonia in six, bacterial pneumonia in five, severe bacterial sepsis in four, candida pneumonia in two, and a giant cell pneumonia in one patient.|1988|1 was due to|amblyopia|anisometropia|1876880_3|###amblyopia was due to anisometropia### in 24 cases (50%), strabismus in 9 cases (18.7%), high astigmatism (meridional) in 7 cases (14.5%) and other causes or a combination of factors in 8 cases (16.7%).|1991|1 was due to|anaemia in pregnancy|iron deficiency|10367008_7|the commonest cause of the ###anaemia in pregnancy was due to iron deficiency### (81.3%).|1999|1 was due to|aneurysmal dilatation|arterial dissection|12760497_7|histological examination confirmed that the ###aneurysmal dilatation was due to arterial dissection### caused by disruption of the internal elastic lamina.|2003|1 was due to|aortitis|takayasu disease|8953446_5|###aortitis was due to takayasu disease### in eight patients and to behcet aortitis in two.|1997|1 was due to|budd-chiari syndrome|hepatic vein thrombosis|4026081_3|erythroid colony formation in the absence of erythropoietin, which is a reliable indicator for a primary myeloproliferative disorder, was seen in 16 patients in whom ###budd-chiari syndrome was due to hepatic vein thrombosis###, including 13 women aged 18 to 45 years.|1985|1 was due to|coagulopathy|liver disease|6695916_6|comparison of the echis ii level to factor ii coagulant activity was helpful in deciding whether a ###coagulopathy was due to liver disease###, vitamin k deficiency, or both.|1984|1 was due to|coronary stenosis|atheromatosis|6724459_11|in all cases the ###coronary stenosis was due to atheromatosis### or more advanced atherosclerosis.|1984|1 was due to|diarrhea|shigella|192625_2|###diarrhea was due to shigella### in 70% of cases.|1977|1 was due to|dizziness|peripheral vestibular disease|3874927_7|however, patients who were aged under 50 years or whose ###dizziness was due to peripheral vestibular disease###, vasovagal or psychogenic cause, drugs, or infection formed a low-risk (2 percent) group.|1985|1 was due to|end-stage renal failure|adult polycystic kidney disease|8893166_3|this report describes such a case developing in a woman whose ###end-stage renal failure was due to adult polycystic kidney disease###.|1997|1 was due to|esophagitis|gastroesophageal reflux|15622007_6|rokitansky in 1855 demonstrated that ###esophagitis was due to gastroesophageal reflux###, and hirsch in 1900 diagnosed an hh using x-rays.|2004|1 was due to|fever|infections|9455510_2|###fever was due to infections### in 78% of the episodes (35 of 45) and due to noninfectious causes in 22% (10 of 45).|1998|1 was due to|gaucher's disease|reduced activity|9497855_3|considerably more time was required for the demonstration by brady and co-workers in 1964 that ###gaucher's disease was due to reduced activity### of a beta-glucosidase called glucocerebrosidase.|1998|0 was due to|gaze palsy|spasm|570680_4|pupilary miosis occurred during leftward gaze attempt, indicating that the ###gaze palsy was due to spasm### of the near reflex.|1979|0.5 was due to|heart failure|coronary heart disease|7954535_2|in each group there were similar numbers of patients in whom ###heart failure was due to coronary heart disease###, high blood pressure, or idiopathic dilated cardiac myopathy.|1994|1 was due to|heart failure|idiopathic cardiomyopathy|12878553_3|###heart failure was due to idiopathic cardiomyopathy### in 21 patients, ischemia in 11, rheumatic valvular disease in 8, and viral myocarditis in 1.|2003|1 was due to|heart failure|idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy|2744308_2|###heart failure was due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy### in 79 patients and ischemic heart disease in 62 patients.|1989|1 was due to|heart failure|ischemic cardiomyopathy|11723449_9|recipients whose ###heart failure was due to ischemic cardiomyopathy### had a lower percent ideal body weight than those with a nonischemic cause (p =.01).|2001|1 was due to|hemiplegia|infarction|2965216_2|###hemiplegia was due to infarction### involving only sub-cortical structures, and there was no associated visual or sensory neglect or inattention, and no evidence of dementia.|1988|1 was due to|hemoptysis|bronchiectasis|18677295_4|###hemoptysis was due to bronchiectasis### (55%), non-operable aspergillomas (15%), active tuberculosis (15%), malignancy (10%) and cystic fibrosis (5%).|2008|1 was due to|hemorrhage|hemorrhagic gastritis|2814189_2|the clinical picture and the endoscopic features suggested that the ###hemorrhage was due to hemorrhagic gastritis### and not to rupture of varicose veins.|1989|1 was due to|hyperbilirubinemia|abo incompatibility|2234314_2|###hyperbilirubinemia was due to abo incompatibility###.|1990|1 was due to|hypercalcemia|adrenal insufficiency|15004416_10|we diagnosed that the ###hypercalcemia was due to adrenal insufficiency###.|2004|1 was due to|hypertension|obesity|17680333_6|among all hypertensives, the percentage whose ###hypertension was due to obesity### in 1980 and 1990 was 11.4% (95% confidence interval (ci): 4.7-17.7%) and 15.3% (95% ci: 6.8-23.1%) for men and 19.3% (95% ci: 12.1-25.9%) and 22.3% (95% ci: 14.6-29.3%) for women, respectively.|2007|1 was due to|immunosuppression|acute leukemia|18835682_9|###immunosuppression was due to acute leukemia### (30%), solid organ transplant (20%) or other causes of immunosuppression.|2008|1 was due to|infertility|anovulation|7805920_9|results : the ep rate in the patients with lpd was significantly higher than in a control group whose ###infertility was due to anovulation### (6 of 51 pregnancies versus 6 of 210 pregnancies, respectively).|1995|1 was due to|iron deficiency anemia|celiac disease|10022662_1|we describe two patients with paterson-brown kelly (plummer-vinson) syndrome whose ###iron deficiency anemia was due to celiac disease###.|1999|1 was due to|jaundice|abo incompatibility|8239891_5|###jaundice was due to abo incompatibility### in 113 cases and hereditary hemolytic anemia in 6 cases; its cause was unknown in 92 patients.|1993|1 was due to|melena|ischemic enteritis|18924551_2|colonoscopy showed diffuse ulceration with bleeding in the ileum, suggesting that the ###melena was due to ischemic enteritis### associated with lupus enteritis.|2008|1 was due to|meningitis|pneumococcal infection|8343021_6|analysis of the csf showed that this ###meningitis was due to pneumococcal infection###.|1993|1 was due to|osteomalacia|vitamin d deficiency|1569162_5|###osteomalacia was due to vitamin d deficiency### (5 cases), to vitamin d malabsorption (6 cases), and to hypophosphataemia in 1 case.|1992|1 was due to|pericardial effusion|pericarditis|15946313_7|we concluded that ###pericardial effusion was due to pericarditis### and was a manifestation of chronic gvhd in this patient, and that cytotoxic lymphocytes and specific cytokines played significant roles.|2005|1 was due to|peritonitis|acute appendicitis|3457290_2|three cases are described in whom ###peritonitis was due to acute appendicitis###.|1986|1 was due to|pneumopathy|bacterial infection|3175570_9|in 2 patients the ###pneumopathy was due to bacterial infection###.|1988|1 was due to|portal hypertension|cirrhosis|3878133_2|###portal hypertension was due to cirrhosis### in 27, noncirrhotic portal fibrosis in eight, extrahepatic obstruction in two, and budd-chiari syndrome in one patient.|1985|1 was due to|recurrent urinary tract infection|shigella flexneri|826670_4|a case report is presented in whom ###recurrent urinary tract infection was due to shigella flexneri### and was treated effectively with antibiotics.|1977|1 was due to|renal artery stenosis|fibrous dysplasia|2146403_2|###renal artery stenosis was due to fibrous dysplasia### in 17 patients and atherosclerosis in 36.|1990|1 was due to|renal artery stenosis|neurofibromatosis 1|12680318_7|from the clinical course and the ivus image, we suspected that ###renal artery stenosis was due to neurofibromatosis 1###.|2003|1 was due to|renal failure|malignant hypertension|10655731_1|we report a case whose ###renal failure was due to malignant hypertension### and in whom steroid facilitated the recovery of renal function.|2000|1 was due to|renal failure|viral infection|192505_1|two cases of acute renal insufficiency occurred in association with episodes of severe encephalitis due to herpes simplex type i. the possibility was considered that the ###renal failure was due to viral infection### of the kidneys, and animal experiments were carried out in an attempt to confirm this.|1977|1 was due to|secondary amyloidosis|fuchs endothelial dystrophy|16331487_5|###secondary amyloidosis was due to fuchs endothelial dystrophy### (fed) with bullous keratopathy and/or recurrent erosions in all cases.|2006|1 was due to|steatorrhoea|coeliac disease|7209392_3|###steatorrhoea was due to coeliac disease### in five patients, the sixth being a case of primary sclerosing cholangitis.|1981|1 was due to|stroke|cerebral infarction|20352003_6|###stroke was due to cerebral infarction### in 48.14% and due to cerebral hemorrhage in 40.7% of the patients.|2010|1 was due to|stroke|cerebral ischemia|8624200_14|###stroke was due to cerebral ischemia### or embolization.|1996|1 was due to|swallowing difficulty|oropharyngeal dysphagia|21242490_10|###swallowing difficulty was due to oropharyngeal dysphagia### with myopathic origin.|2011|1 was due to|thrombus|protein c deficiency|21958805_6|this patient had a low level of protein c; therefore, it was presumed that the ###thrombus was due to protein c deficiency###.|2011|1 was due to|trigeminal palsy|intracranial hypertension|12118222_5|the authors suggest that the ###trigeminal palsy was due to intracranial hypertension### probably associated to a weakness of the lateral wall of the left meckel's cave.|2002|1 was due to|visceral leishmaniasis|mixed infection|15238692_1|therapeutic failure in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient with ###visceral leishmaniasis was due to mixed infection### by two different leishmania infantum zymodemes: l. infantum zymodeme mon-98, which is a rare zymodeme and is reported for the first time in greece, and zymodeme mon-1, which is common in the mediterranean region.|2004|0.5